世界紅茶產區
楊惟婷
在紅茶的世界，一直有世界四大名紅茶之說，即祁門紅茶（Keemun）、大吉嶺紅茶（Darjeeling）、阿薩姆紅茶(Assam)和錫蘭烏沃紅茶(Uva)，這四大名茶風味各異，各擅勝場，都是品茶人不錯的選擇。
祁門紅茶以滋味醇厚、湯色紅豔、香氣高長而著稱，上品茶更蘊含著蘭花香（“祁門香” 譽之）；大吉嶺紅茶以5-6月份的茶品質最優，被譽為“紅茶中的香檳”；錫蘭高地紅茶以烏沃茶最著名，7-9月所獲的品質最優；阿薩姆紅茶是冬季飲茶的最佳選擇。
紅茶雖發源中國，却紅遍全球（世界茶葉市場紅茶約占70%），且最瞭解紅茶、飲用花樣最多的也是歐人。
現在紅茶的消費市場，主要分佈在歐美和中東，也許是紅茶這種有助消化、去膩的全發酵茶，早期正適合先富起來、多肉食的歐人；近來日本和韓國飲用紅茶的消費者也日增。
然而，紅茶的產地卻主要集中在中國、印度、斯里蘭卡（錫蘭）以及非洲的肯亞等地。紅茶的品質，因產地不同，會有不同的特性與風味，以下為大家介紹最具代表性的幾種紅茶：
⊙中國：
中國至今仍是世界紅茶主要產地之一，紅茶品種主要有：
祁紅—產於安徽祁門、至德及江西浮梁等地；
滇紅—產於雲南佛海、順寧等地；
霍紅—產於安徽六安、霍山等地；
蘇紅—產於江蘇宜興；
越紅 —產於湖南安化、新化、桃源等地；
川紅—產於四川馬邊、宜賓、高縣等地；
吳紅—產於廣東英德等地。
其中尤以祁門紅茶最富盛名，其湯色紅豔透亮，略帶蘭花味。
⊙印度：
印度目前為紅茶首要的產出地，大吉嶺茶便出自此地的喜瑪拉雅山麓，由於一年只有4到9月可以收成，使其彌足珍貴。
⊙斯里蘭卡：
錫蘭紅茶，在紅茶中的品級屬於上乘，色、香、味優良且品質均一。
⊙東非：
東非的氣候、環境得天獨厚，十分適合茶樹的栽培。這也是為什麼東非會成為二十世紀新興的產茶地區，目前茶產量為世界第三位，其中又以肯亞最為著名。
⊙印尼：
印尼栽培茶樹的歷史相當久遠，以爪哇島及蘇門答臘為中心，所產的紅茶，有一種特別清柔的香味。
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