水晶雕刻之鑒賞
楊惟婷
作為寶石家族新寵，水晶雕刻藝術品正魅力四射地走進人們的生活。而人們在看待水晶的態度上，也已經漸漸從物質享受轉化為精神享受。觀賞之美、創造之美，正在成為越來越多的水晶收藏家、愛好者的重要鑒賞內容。
當你想購買水晶雕刻品時，面對市場上良莠不齊的各色貨品，具備點鑒賞知識非常必要。基本上，主要鎖定雕刻品的料、工、形、意、神這五個要素，就可以評鑒出一件作品的好壞。
一、選料
「料」，就是晶雕所使用的材料，即作品是由什麼樣的水晶雕成的。
一件工藝品用何材料製作而成，材質高檔還是低檔，有無瑕疵等等，相當重要。優質高檔的材料，本身就有很好的保值前景，極具收藏價值。一般情況下，用的材料越好，價值就越高。就像稟賦高的人可堪造就一樣，石出名門也容易創作出搶手貨色。
水晶中的鈦晶、綠幽靈等，就屬名門望族。
當然，高超的藝術家有時也可以點石成金、化腐朽為神奇，但那只是鳳毛麟角，又另當別論。
二、做工
「工」，就是晶雕的製作工藝，是雕刻師的技術。
看工，首先要對雕刻、拋光、配座等藝術效果仔細觀察，察其精粗；其次，就要觀察材料的紋理或瑕疵有沒有得到恰當的處理，視其匠心；最後，還要特別關注材料的屬性是否得到充分的表現，是有意識的表現、還是無意及之。有所表現的，要看表現得如何，要研究作者是否是按照材料的特性去製作，是否尊重晶料的生命語言。
大凡優秀作品，往往勝在細節上，這中間多半指的是做工的細節。
粗糙低劣的製作是在浪費晶料，是暴殄天物。
三、造形
「形」，是指作品的造型，即作品是什麼樣子。
任何藝術作品，不管它是純裝飾的，還是作者要表現思想、理想，其造型都是第一位的。有了美的造型，才會吸引眼球，粗看、細看，皆賞心悅目。造型是作品成敗關鍵中的關鍵。
一件好的造型作品，得益於好的設計創意，依賴於受過良好專業訓練的頭腦與雙手。造型失敗了，一件作品就徹底失敗了。有的作品一望生厭，就是造型“搞的鬼”。
四、涵意
「意」，是指作品表達的是什麼意思，思想意義在哪裡。
意，體現著設計理論與主題。
一件好的作品不但造型要美，更要涵意深刻，具有思想性。
雕刻只是雕刻，材質只是載體的母體，都屬於“形而下”的層面；
意，才是作品的靈魂，是作品的生命。
晶雕不去表達與訴說思想意義，那就只是水晶的“行屍走肉”，是空洞的軀殼。
意要表達好，全憑創作者豐富的思想以及高雅不俗的人生情懷。
手巧往往得益于心靈。
五、神韻
「神」，是指作品的神韻。面對一件作品，觀賞者最先感受到的就是雕品的神韻（伴隨著依稀的造型）。走出這神境，才可能顧及材質、工藝等層面。
中國畫講傳神，西洋畫講韻味，水晶工藝品同樣要講求神韻。
一件優秀的作品，不論是繁複的、還是簡單的，都必須具有神韻。
神韻如若缺失，宛如一個人沒有了氣質，其價值可想而知。
總之，就料、工、形、意、神幾個方面來說：
1.料是先決條件，是前提；
2.工，是很重要的手段，是舟船，是橋樑，是藉以通往形的必備階梯；
3.形，是工的直接目的與指向，借形可以得意；
4.意，是創作的目的，在這個階段，雕刻師的創作衝動被撩撥起來；
5.神，是雕刻的最高境界，有些縹緲，妙不可言，但它總是率先撲面而來，攫取觀賞者的心。
做為一個水晶雕品的鑑賞者，只要能把握住這五要素，你就可以從容地分辨出晶雕作品的優劣了。
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