在人生的中站大清倉
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今年夏天母親走了,母親在一年前得知自己患了末期癌症,從此她利用出院期間的斷續時光,努力整理身邊事物。
母親首先找來會計師,給我們的家產列成清冊,召開家庭會議分配妥當。其次,她打點自己所有衣著飾物、首飾,一盒盒紮理好,分給我們女兒、媳婦,衣服送給長年幫忙的歐巴桑和慈善機構,只留下幾件家居服和貼身衣物。
母親將自己全套作品寄贈圖書館,又出清多餘藏書,請里長轉送社區居民。她更憑極有限的體力,重新整頓家用品,一一明確歸位,給每個抽屜貼上標籤,以防我們尋不著。
最後,母親為自己整理一份簡要的自傳,又擬一份訃聞發送名單和喪葬程序表,再簽一張病危時放棄延命治療的切結書,工工整整排列好,一齊收妥在抽屜裡。
母親走後,我們在悲痛中仍不致慌亂,以有限的人力,循序完成母親遺願,為她辦了一場莊嚴淒美的喪禮。這一切都得感謝母親,因為她曾如此鎮靜的規畫自己人生的最後。
高齡社會的來臨,使老人人人自危。
母親並不特別,事實上,近年來在日本的中高齡層間,就有一種「要走得乾乾淨淨」的說法,並且隱隱蔚為潮流。
這種提前策劃人生終點的理論,並非消極或厭世,相反的,正因為日本是世界屈指可數的長壽大國,再加上少子化和小家庭制的影響,使老人即將成為這個社會最大的負擔。
因此,逐漸人人自危,或者說人人自覺,自己的事情要自己負責,就連後事也不例外。
年六十八歲的A子,每年都整理一次家產清冊,趁正月子女返鄉時給他們過目。
她過了六十歲之後,就實行「不買主義」,家裡只留最小限的必要用品。
這位女士並非清貧,她自年輕時物慾旺盛,年紀漸長卻領悟身外之無用,生活自然簡單了。
曾經著有《人生最後該做的事》一書的式田和子女士,更身體力行簡樸的晚年生活。
她處分所有不再讀的書,定妥首飾古董的遺贈名單,整理好所有家族照片。
現年七十二歲的她,多年來除了食物、內衣和鞋子之外,極少再買別的東西。
在她潔淨的櫥櫃抽屜裡,擺著「死後聯絡名單」、「死後家中應辦事項」和她早已請人拍好的遺照。
人生五十大清倉,該捨就捨,才能換檔起步!
除了「乾乾淨淨的走法」之外,更積極的理論是「人生五十大清倉」。
最著名的例子是日本老牌女星高峰秀子,她在五十歲時決定息影,從此洗淨鉛華,和老伴過著退隱生活。
她將原本九個房間的豪宅改成三間,處分所有華美衣裳,賣掉大部分家俱,只留一桌、四椅、二杯和二皿,又資遣原僱的二名女傭。
也許高峰秀子做得太過了,最後她的丈夫忍不住問她:「妳是不是看我是老古董,也想早點把我出清呢?」
然而,一位研究「生死學」的平山正實教授說得好,人活到五十歲體力就不免走下坡,會開始遭遇各種病痛。或是說,得越過一個個小小的「死亡關卡」,才能往長壽之路邁進。
因此,由生機旺盛的四十代進入五十代,不妨稍停下腳步,給自己的前半生做個結算,檢討自己的生活方式、人際關係、健康狀態和財產現況。
勉強的東西不要硬撐,該捨的東西就捨,如此才能「換檔」,重新起步,心情輕鬆的迎向下半生。
如果說人生的終點是打烊,那麼五十歲時來個暫時歇店,給自己大清倉當不為過。
當然,已經不健康的人較健康的人給自己策劃終點的心情,完全是天壤之別,這需要當事人無比的勇氣和決心,不能相強。
只不過,當一個人的人生落幕後,他留下的一切都會告訴我們,這個人生前著重物質生活?還是崇尚精神生活?
我很高興我的母親屬於後者!
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