黃水晶
楊惟婷
黃水晶是水晶的一種，屬玉石類。主要成分是二氧化矽，並含有微量的Fe和結構水H2O。呈色原因與晶體中成對占位元的Fe2+有關，常見的顏色有淺黃、黃色、金黃色、褐黃色、橙黃色。
黃水晶一般都具有較高的透明度，內部可含豐富的包體，常見的包體有負晶、流體包體及各種固態包體。
黃水晶之所以成為黃色，主要是三價鐵雜質造成的。不過和紫水晶不同的是，黃水晶（citrine）的色澤和電洞無關，而是鐵雜質的顏色。
學化學時，我們知道二價鐵離子呈現綠色，而三價鐵離子呈現黃色，黃水晶的黃色就是三價鐵離子的顏色。
如果把紫水晶以人工方法加熱，改變鐵離子的電洞成色結構，紫水晶就轉變成黃水晶。天然黃水晶常常和紫水晶產在同一個地區，一般認為這些黃水晶其實是紫水晶受到地熱或附近火成岩體，乃至於岩漿的熱力作用而形成的。
紫水晶之所以被人工加熱成為黃水晶，除了天然黃水晶並不多見，價格較高之外，另一個重要原因是這種黃水晶常被用來冒充黃玉（topaz）。
黃玉也稱黃精，化學組成是 Al2SiO4(OH,F)2，是一種呈現優雅酒黃色的高檔寶石，售價遠遠超越黃水晶。
分辨黃玉和黃水晶並不難，主要在於黃玉具有較大的密度 3.4 ~ 3.6 g/cm3，以及較高的折射率 1.618 ~ 1.627。
一、財富之石
黃光會影響財運，可創造意想不到的財富，所以寶石文化界稱黃水晶最主要的功能為聚財，所以黃水晶有“財富之石”的美譽，是從事服務性商業公司及商家不可或缺的招財寶貝。
在希臘神話中，黃水晶所散發的黃光很耀眼，耀眼到惡龍都驚愕世間居然有比金羊毛更好的東西，而英雄伊阿宋就憑藉神後赫拉贈的黃水晶，輕鬆拿到最值錢的金羊毛。這傳說流傳千年，都在告訴人們——黃水晶能旺財，特別是偏財、意外之財。
二、黃水晶功效
黃水晶的主要功效在“增貴人、廣財源、護財不散” 。
易經上說，黃水晶為《易經》卦象的第一卦——“乾卦”，乾為天、為事業、為財富。在風水環境學中，它因其折射出的金黃光團，可招貴人、旺貴氣，也可產生盈利豐厚、財庫豐隆、財源滾滾的最佳效果，所以黃水晶多用來旺財，特別是旺偏財。
從心理上說，黃色是所有色別中明度最高的顏色，是光明、輝煌、希望的象徵，所以中黃和金黃多用於表現財富、高貴和輝煌，如宮殿裝飾和帝王的龍袍多用這些顏色，因此黃水晶有財富、高貴的寓意。
從光學特性看，黃水晶屬三方晶系的一軸晶正光性結晶體，有三個方向的光軸，當按方位精工切削琢磨後，光軸方向往往會產生一定聚光功能，黃光會影響物質生活和財運，可創造意想不到的財富。
其實，黃水晶特別適合擁有一定事業基礎的人佩戴，也適合事業上升達到一定瓶頸期的人，因為黃水晶能夠讓我們客觀的面對別人的批評，吸取更多有建設性的意見。同時也會鼓勵我們走向正確的路，而不會陷於自己的負面心態和驕橫跋扈的心態。能讓我們更好的看清楚自己的局勢，而對事業有所幫助。
比起黃水晶帶來財富的效果，我個人則更看重于黃水晶的樂觀開朗的磁場，這種磁場能鼓勵我們擺脫過去、展望未來。它也可能平息憤怒的心態，對於那些缺乏勇敢表達自己意見的人群，黃水晶則可以起到鼓勵的作用，所以很適用於處於事業初期的迷茫人群，黃水晶會鼓勵我們，增強動力。
誠如易經非常講求“天時、地利、人和”，大凡事情的成功都得益於此三者的和諧運作。黃水晶所帶來的旺財、催財功效，也僅能補充其中“天時”的部分角色，亦即，黃水晶所能帶給您的只是“機遇”而已，能不能抓住並為您所用，還得看您現在所處的“地利”（位置）以及是否付出足夠多的“人和”（努力），如本身不努力追求，“財”和“運”也都難以對您青睞有加。
或者我們可以說，任何一款水晶都不可能直接帶來我們想要的那麼直接的效果，任何水晶的磁場都只是幫助我們更好的認清自己，帶給我們從不同角度看待問題，調整我們性格上得缺陷而帶來麻煩和讓我們更好的面對我們所必須面對的矛盾和困難。
除了對於事業和性格上的幫助以外，黃水晶本身也有一定治療的效果，黃水晶本身對於腸胃會有保護的作用，也有一定治療便秘的效果。所以，有興趣的朋友不妨試一試。
三、黃水晶的使用方法
由於黃水晶具有旺運、旺財功效，古往今來都備受高官商賈、黎民百姓的喜愛，他們祈盼發財、豐厚盈利時，居家皆喜擺放黃水晶，或在黃水晶上鑲嵌吉祥的圖騰，如黃水晶貔貅，以達招財、旺財、發財、納財的最佳效果。
對於現代人來說，投資者適宜選擇水晶球體，最大限度凝聚財富。若為常去看盤者，戴上黃水晶手珠、項鍊效果更佳。
女性亦可選擇黃水晶材質的吊墜等佩戴，既美觀又旺財。
四、黃水晶的鑒定
1.黃水晶與黃色托帕石的區分：
黃水晶光澤稍淡，重量稍輕（托帕石密度為3.53g/m3，而黃水晶為2.66g/m3），且無解理（解理是指寶石晶體在外力作用下，沿一定的結晶學方向裂開成光滑平面的性質）。
2.黃水晶與仿黃水晶的區分：
黃水晶的仿寶石一般是玻璃，玻璃內部可有少量的氣泡，最簡單的檢查辦法是將仿黃水晶置於有字或線條的紙上，轉動它觀察下邊的字或線條。由於玻璃是均質體，所以在玻璃的轉動過程中，只觀察到字或線的單影，而水晶是非均質體，當轉動水晶觀察時，可以看到字或線的雙影。
3.輻照或染色處理的水晶區分：
染色水晶則有明顯的裂紋，顏色全部集中在裂隙中，用放大鏡就很容易識別。其它：有石紋的黃水晶基本上不會有假；手感冰涼，天然水晶用手摸會有一種油膩的感覺，而合成水晶或玻璃會摸上去比較涼爽；天然水晶硬度比人造水晶和玻璃要高，兩者互劃，也會發現問題。
【黃水晶的評價標準】
顏色：黃水晶的 顏色以金黃色為上乘，橙黃色、黃色次之、淺黃、褐黃色稍差；
淨度：內無暇，通透為上等，有少量棉絮和包體次之，有裂紋的價格會很低，包體中有獨特造型的包 體或含完整的負晶很難得，價格可能會更高；
重量：同等級的黃晶體積越大價錢越高；
切工：水晶的切工是指切割比例，雕刻工藝及拋光工藝等幾個方面。對於球體水晶要求拋光精良，對於雕刻製品的水晶要求雕刻工藝及巧妙的構思等。
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