碧璽與水晶
楊惟婷
碧璽，英文名稱為Tourmaline，1768年一位瑞典著名科學家發現它在溫度變化下，在兩極會產生電荷，具有熱電性(Pyroelectricity)及壓電性(Piezoelectricity) 。所以，碧璽又稱”電氣石”。
碧璽(電氣石) 是一種複雜的矽酸鹽類礦物，
常於其他礦石狹縫、細縫中共生。
★晶系：六方晶系（HEXAGONAL)
★莫氏硬度：7-7.5
★折射率：1.62-1.64
★比重：3.02-3.26
因具有壓電性在工業上可用來製造壓力計，又可將其切片用於控制無線電的週率，現在則被廣泛運用於光學產業。
另外，碧璽除在珠寶飾品倍受注目，因對光線有強烈吸收性，也常應用於偏光器具的光學產業，在二次世界大戰初期，碧璽是唯一可以判定核爆壓力的礦石物質。
碧璽在科學上發現具有四大效應：發射遠紅外線、釋放負離子、持續發生直流靜電、釋放礦物質和微量元素
一、碧璽是一種彩虹寶石
碧璽是一種色彩最為豐富的寶石，由7種基本色，可以變換出170幾種不同的顏色，擁有的色彩幾乎涵蓋了所有種類的顏色，並擁有一個美麗的“外號”–彩虹寶石。
碧璽有多種顏色，這主要與所含元素不同有關，比如紅色碧璽含錳，藍色碧璽含鐵，綠色碧璽含鉻和釩等。
其中以紅色碧璽為最佳;綠色碧璽優質品為祖母綠色。
寶石級碧璽要求透明，顏色純正，絕少瑕疵。
碧璽通常含有氣液包體，有的呈管狀。碧璽棱角處有明顯的雙影。
與紅色碧璽相似的寶石有紅寶石、紅尖晶石、紅色黃玉、淺紫水晶等，與綠色碧璽相似的有祖母綠、綠柱石等。
電氣石家族是一個族群眾多的彩虹家族。碧璽(電氣石)有各種顏色，在中國歷史文獻中可找到”碧霞希”，”砒硒”，”碧璽”，”碎邪金”等稱呼。例如：
1、紅色碧璽：
紅色碧璽的粉紅色光色，有助於招徠美妙的情愛、理想的伴侶。促進友情、愛情的發展，激發慈悲心、同情心及親和力，增進人與人之間的情誼。從事群眾活動及事業者，如公關，業務，演藝，門市，接待，若是配戴紅色碧璽，可以散發出個人的獨特魅力，有助左右逢源，八面玲瓏，自然地能夠吸引更多的群眾。
2、黑色碧璽：
可吸收消除負能量，增進人體活力、體力，及整體的生命力，是健康長壽的代表寶石。
3、西瓜碧璽 (西瓜電氣石) Tourmaline，Watermelon
『西瓜碧璽』稀少獨特，外包綠色碧璽，內附紅碧璽長相就如西瓜一樣，基本上擁有紅、綠兩種碧璽的特性。
紅綠碧璽還能聚財納富，幫助事業發展。
也有助血液循環、舒緩關節毛病，是一種健康的晶石。
傳說為慈禧太后之最愛，歷史記載慈禧太后殉葬品中有西瓜碧璽做成的枕頭與一朵雕工精細，使用碧璽約5100g做成的蓮花。
二、碧璽的功能
碧璽能量強勁，故具有很高的調理人體健康和環境淨化的價值。
碧璽也是目前人類所發現的唯一一種既帶磁場、又帶電場的能量石。
因此無論是隨身佩戴碧璽飾品，還是將碧璽放置于家居中，同樣也能起到健康如意的作用。
歸納碧璽的功能，如下所示﹕
1、居家平安：
例如，在屋內四個角落擺放黑碧璽或較大碧璽晶柱，可對居家形成保護氣場，不但辟邪保平安，更有助於氣流和財運暢通。
2、改善風水：
家中放紫碧璽不但可化沖解煞，更可聚福氣、聚財氣。
3、鎮宅辟邪：
公司行號或居家的財位元放一個碧璽晶體，既可鎮宅辟邪擋煞，更可又旺又發。
4、願望石：
碧璽不同于黃金珠寶，它具有唯一性和生命性。在你佩戴的過程中，它仍然會生長。
而且很多人相信，碧璽對人有一種神奇的作用。有極大的落實力，能夠幫助人達成願望，所以，碧璽又稱為“願望石”。
5、增強智能：
在學生的書桌或床頭放紫碧璽，可開發智慧，提高直覺力；也可舒緩因看書造成的眼睛壓力。
6、防輻射：
在電視、電腦、微波爐旁放碧璽晶體可降低輻射。
7、生意興隆：
在生意場所四個角落放孔雀石有有助於招攬客人進門，在櫃檯、櫥窗放粉色碧璽或紫碧璽可增加人緣及生意緣。
8、強力求財：
生意場所、辦公室或住家放黃碧璽或綠碧璽，是求財的好方法；黃碧璽招意外財，綠碧璽創造事業財富。
9、融合感情：
碧璽顏色多種鮮豔，可使人開心喜悅及崇尚自由，可開拓人們心胸及視野。碧璽能量強勁，也可以放射出吸引愛情及友情的頻率。在床頭放玫瑰色碧璽對於親情、友情、愛情皆有促進融合的作用。
10、改善人際關係：
碧璽可以放射出親和力磁場，對於有領袖氣質的人，自然可吸引更多的人往你身上靠攏，並且可融化人與人之間的隔閡。
此外，也可平衡內部氣場，使對外方面化解人際間各種衝突及矛盾。
也可加強刻苦耐勞、堅毅不屈的性格，舒緩生活中的不安情緒，化解緊張的人際關係。
三、黑碧璽 (黑色電氣石)
英文名稱: Tourmaline、Black
硬度:7~7.5
比重:3.03~3.31
折射率:1.62~1.64
原礦長相，黝黑而不起眼，猛一看還真似木炭，但其波長長，能量場深沉渾厚，後勁威猛，對氣場感應強的人可以立即感受到其威力。
可排除身上及空間的濁氣、病氣，增加體內能量，加速循環作用。
有些氣血虛弱之人，甚至會有頭昏目眩的狀況。
可治療風濕及關節炎。
在日本流行將黑色電氣石放入澡盆，加強身體的能量，消除負能量和病氣，改善關節炎風濕，一舉數得，不失為一好方法。
夜晚睡覺容易受驚，疲勞氣虛、不容易入睡者，可在腳底放一顆黑碧璽，有助於將頭部的能量下拉，平衡全身能量，得到充分休息。
可找較大的原石擺在電視機或電腦附近，以化解有害的幅射磁場。
傳說中可避邪。小質量的電氣石可隨身攜帶，也可在房間四周各擺上一塊黑色電氣石原礦，護佑自身不受低靈入侵、卡陰等。
黑色電氣石是一功能廣泛實用的寶物。深受大眾喜愛。
黑色電氣石不用清洗，也不用消磁。
四、碧璽的評價
碧璽的成分為複雜的矽酸鹽，其摩氏硬度為7-7.5，比重變化在2.9-3.2之間。一般情形下，碧璽原料呈長柱狀，柱面有縱紋，晶體的橫斷面呈弧面三角形，原料很易識別。
碧璽折射率不是最高，也就決定了它不是最閃爍的寶石;
它的色散性一般，也就決定了它不可能和鑽石一樣有七彩火光;
它的產量是彩色寶石相對較大的，也就決定它不是最稀有的寶石。
但碧璽由於色彩豔麗豐富，也成為珠寶市場的新寵兒。從2012年的珠寶市場上來看，目前碧璽的價格上漲幅度為40%左右。
目前市場上最受歡迎的是巴西出產的碧璽，一條中檔碧璽手鏈兩年前的價格只有一千多元而已，而現在則漲到了近4000元。
碧璽之所以在寶石界的地位牢固，源於其色彩上的優勢。它是彩色寶石中顏色最多的一種，紅橙黃綠青藍紫，7種基本色可以變換出170幾種不同的顏色。此外，碧璽可能會生成你想像不到的顏色。
碧璽的價格主要受其純淨度和顏色的制約。
國際市場上，一般桃紅色、鮮藍色及紅綠雙色碧璽價格較高，而黃綠色及其他雜色碧璽則較普通，價格較低，瑕疵越少價格越高。同等品質，重量越大，價格越高。
顏色的獨特，也讓某些品種的碧璽晉升為頂級珠寶的行列。
比如，西瓜碧璽，每一塊都擁有獨一無二顏色；又比如，最著名的帕拉伊巴碧璽，它的蔚藍海水色一經面世就震撼了整個珠寶界，成為所有碧璽中唯一有單獨名號的碧璽，也成就了其碧璽之王的地位。
玉石收藏行家介紹說，碧璽收藏也存在很大的風險，變現難、鑒定難是最重要的風險。
碧璽成品的重要鑒定標準是其熱點性，這些電荷能吸附空氣中帶異性電荷的灰塵、紙屑等。
此外，購買較為貴重的碧璽產品，可以要求對方出示專業珠寶鑒定機構的鑒定證書。
過去碧璽只是配合翡翠和玉石銷售的，價格也比較便宜。現在，碧璽很可能繼翡翠、鑽石熱炒之後，成為消費者和收藏愛好者中意的下一個對象。
總之，評論寶石收藏價值要從很多綜合因素考慮，除了其品種，具體到每一顆的顏色和淨度，還有切割工藝都會影響到它的價值的。
五、碧璽與水晶的區別
相對於水晶來說，碧璽顯的更加的美麗，更加的耀眼。
很多的人都知道水晶產地決定水晶價格以及質量，相對來說，碧璽的質量以及價格要比水晶高出很多倍。
基本上，碧璽比水晶更加的珍貴，在價格上碧璽的價格一般比水晶高出很多倍，主要是因為碧璽也是一種稀少罕見的寶石，因此市場上的碧璽的價格都要高出很多倍。
寶石和水晶的差別就在於更為稀少罕見，也是這樣很多的人在購買飾品或者別的東西的時候，在有條件下都是會選擇碧璽以及高等水晶，那樣更能顯示出自身的高貴的價值。
最後值得一提的是，碧璽大多在銷售水晶的地方銷售，但是它其實並不是天然水晶類別、而是寶石，所以不用消磁喲。
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