指甲保養
楊惟婷
女性朋友總希望擁有一雙纖纖玉手。
一、指甲的外力傷害
現代人一般營養狀況都不錯，所以指甲斷裂較不可能是營養缺乏引起，除非有長期偏食的現象。通常指甲斷裂，絕大多數的原因卻是因為保養不當，以及一些局部性外力傷害所造成。
剪指甲的最好時機，就是在洗完澡後，此時指甲含水量較高，整個指甲會變得柔軟而易於修剪；因為乾燥的環境下，指甲卻變得乾燥、較脆且易斷裂。
而指甲要能保持適當的含水量，需要足夠的脂質，鎖住水分，防止水份過度蒸發。
反覆的碰水，特別是碰熱水，最容易使指甲呈現乾燥狀態。因為重複的浸濕、乾燥，會使指甲脂質含量下降，而損害指甲適度潤澤的功能。
所以，一個身體健康的人，指甲卻容易斷裂，除了病理性的因素外，可能是因為外傷、常碰水、或是職業性的傷害。除了家庭主婦之外，特別是愛乾淨、成天洗東西的人，或是美髮師和雙手常接觸化學藥劑的人。
例如，有一些病理性狀況也會使指甲硬度改變，例如貧血（特別是缺鐵性貧血）、維生素A、C、B缺乏、濕疹、骨質疏鬆、感染（黴菌或是細菌）及一些先天性疾病，會改變角質蛋白結構進而影響指甲硬度。
又如，家庭主婦的指甲邊緣易斷裂或是有層狀剝落的現象，此常發生在做家事的右手前三指。洗碗及用手洗衣服常因為熱水再加上清潔劑的雙重傷害，而導致指甲受到傷害情況。
另外，常常接觸一些化學藥劑的人，舉例來說，鹼性化學藥品（清潔劑、有機溶劑）、氧化劑、燙髮劑便容易打斷並扭曲角質蛋白結構，而使指甲硬度改變。因此，美髮師首當其衝，而且染整業者也可能受到類似傷害。
二、指甲的保養
自己保養指甲時，首先要注意不要過度浸泡熱肥皂水。
指甲的保養是必要的，尤其在碰熱水及清潔劑後，最簡單的方式就是隨時擦點嬰兒油或潤膚乳液。
太軟太薄的指甲，可使用指甲修護劑來強化。
但使用去光水的時候也要特小心。去光水會脫去指甲脂質，使指甲不易保持水分，結果指甲變得脆而易斷。每週去光水的使用次數應盡量少於一次。
但也別以為指甲油是兇手，其實指甲油反而會在指甲外形成一層保護膜，保護指甲不易受外界因素的傷害，同時也防止水份過分蒸發。當然，若使用了劣質指甲油則另當別論。而指甲油若只是一部份脫落時，儘量用補的，不要動不動就用去光水，
另外，做美甲真是件會上癮的事情，舉手投足也能散發自己的魅力，而以下幫大家整理出一些指甲彩繪小撇步，讓你在家輕鬆完成！
■自備一組自己專用的指甲工具盒。
■只要有一枝有像皮擦的筆，上頭插上針，就能有一枝自己的彩繪工具囉!
■玻璃銼刀比塑膠材質來的乾淨衛生喔。
■找到最適合自己膚色的紅色指甲油，讓你更顯時尚。
■裸色系指甲油更是要看膚色挑顏色，才會更顯白。
■購買指彩筆來塗畫，更美麗!
■且慢!先抹厚厚的護手霜後，再卸指甲油，才不會留顏色在皮膚上喔。
■擦指甲油之前，先在周圍抹上凡士林，防止異物黏在指甲油上。
■DIY霧色指彩，加一點玉米粉就能顯現。
■用棉花來打造自然的亮粉漸層效果。
■利用鉛筆上頭的橡皮擦來製作豹紋。
■塗上白底漆來打造亮光效果。
■以為厚層的亮光能維持更久嗎?錯!只需擦薄薄一層，才不會前功盡棄喔。
■覺得亮片指彩的密度太高嗎?要自己調整的話，只需要一瓶無色指甲油和一瓶亮粉就搞定!
■卸指彩一乾二淨得好方法—
步驟一:準備棉花、鋁箔紙、去光水。
步驟二:讓棉花吸滿去光水後，放在指甲上，用鋁箔紙包住。
步驟三:等待10分鐘，還你乾淨的指甲。
■丙酮+甘油+水=最好用的去光水。
■完美的法式指甲道具，其實唾手可得，那就是像皮筋或是OK蹦。
■棉花吸滿滿的去光水，就能完成快速卸指彩的動作囉! 牙膏能除掉卸完指甲油，殘餘在指甲上的顏色
■指甲油塗到外圍了…，不用擔心!拿細小的刷子或是棉花棒，沾上一點去光水就能用掉了。
■指甲油快乾的方法，讓指甲浸泡冷水3分鐘。
■塗一層指甲凝膠再一層指甲油，重複兩遍，就能有持久不斷裂的指彩啦!
■自行調合指甲油顏色深淺。
■轉動指甲油瓶身，而不是甩，才不會冒泡泡。
■DIY去角質層—-
步驟一:讓手指頭浸泡溫水五分鐘。
步驟二:用小棒子推開角質層。
步驟三:混合3匙的乳液和1匙的橄欖油後，加熱30秒。
步驟四:把步驟三塗在手上，用手套包住，只要一晚就能有美麗的手指囉!
■發現有角質脫落，勿硬拔或剪掉，多抹乳液或保濕才是護手的王道。
■持久指甲油的方法，是先用蒸餾過的白醋清洗指甲再上色。
■手指甲彩繪和腳趾甲彩繪，當然要用不同顏色對比才會完美。
■熟悉這些步驟，自然成為DIY指甲彩繪女王。
■自己動手DIY，快速在指甲油收納盒找到想要的顏色。
看完以上，發現自己就能打造一雙美麗的雙手，需要的工具也都是日常用品，只需花你時間而不需花你金錢，是不是很厲害呢。現在開始Do it yourself!
三、由指甲長像解讀健康訊息
神造人時給人體許多巧妙的安排，從身體的很多方面，我們都可以觀察出自己健康的狀況。只是很多時候我們都忽略了。
以指甲來說，指甲長像則是人體另一個反應健康的地方。
健康的指甲應該是淡粉紅色的，且指甲板光滑、沒有溝痕，韌度也要夠，這些特點不妨自我檢視看看。
如果指甲凹凸不平，且有溝紋，那麼可能要注意你的肝功能了。
若是指甲容易破裂，是缺乏鐵質，應該多補充深綠色葉菜、魚類、豆類等。
從指甲長像其實可以觀察出許多疾病的徵兆，應該利用修剪指甲時，慎重地檢視您的指甲健不健康？
1、指甲色澤：
通常是淡粉紅色，但若太常使用指甲油、去光水，也會使指甲變黃。
2、指甲的韌度：
用其他手指按壓指甲尖端，若能略為彎曲表示硬度剛好，若太軟也表示指甲不健康。
3、指甲板是否光滑：
有時從側面觀看會發現溝痕，那就要多滋養指甲，讓情況改善。
4、周圍皮膚：
指甲周圍皮膚若是過於乾燥、粗糙，就要利用按摩與保養，改善情況。
總之，指甲可以反應健康狀況，觀察指甲的變化，可以了解身體有哪些病徵。
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