騰訊組織架構調整
楊惟雯
騰訊已經歷三次組織架構升級：
2005年為因應業務從一個走到多個業務，採取橫向的事業部制；
2012年是為因應業務走向移動化；
2018年是為因應業務走向產業互聯網化。
一、組織架構以產品為導向，組織BU化
2005年以前，騰訊還是一家規模較小的企業，只有QQ這一個核心產品，管理簡單。所以最初採用的是職能式架構，分別為管道、業務、研發和基礎架構部門，另設行政、人力資源、內部審計、資訊等職能部門。並由COO管管道和業務，CTO管研發和基礎架構，上面再由CEO統一協調。
但隨著騰訊業務多元化佈局，涉足無線業務、互聯網增值業務、遊戲、媒體…等領域後，CEO分身乏力，沒有精力再管理每一個業務，協調成本也上升，有時還會出現產品部門和研發部門相互不買帳的情況。
因此，基於職能式架構造成的管理滯後，騰訊開始了第一次大刀闊斧的組織架構調整：BU化（Business Unit 業務系統），即向“事業部制”進化。以產品為導向，將業務系統化，把研發、產品都納入，由事業部的EVP（Executive Vice president，執行副總裁）來負責整個業務，相當於每個業務都添了個有力的CEO。
2005年這一次調整主要是適應業務走向多元產品發展的要求。騰訊也就從一家初創公司的單一社交產品，轉變成為生態協同一站式生活平臺。
二、業務走向移動化，組織架構設立七大事業群
2012年是中國互聯網分水嶺，手機QQ的消息數首次超越電腦QQ，越來越多的用戶將時間花在手機上。
2012年之前，QQ散落在三個業務部門。QQ、無線QQ、QQ上的增值服務和SNS業務，三個板塊各自為政，內部協調成了一個大問題。
不合理的業務單元劃分，嚴重降低了工作效率，使得功能無法快速上線給用戶使用，用戶體驗被忽略。
為了便於公司相關業務協調，減少部門間相互扯皮和惡性競爭的情況，適應互聯網快速發展的要求，2012年前後，騰訊做出了第二次組織架構調整：由原有的業務系統制（Business Units，BUs）升級為事業群制（Business Groups，BGs）。
調整後，騰訊把業務重新劃分為企業發展事業群（CDG）、互動娛樂事業群（IEG）、移動互聯網事業群（MIG）、網路媒體事業群（OMG）、社交網路事業群（SNG），整合原有的研發和運營平臺，成立新的技術工程事業群 (TEG)，後續又將微信獨立成立了微信事業群（WXG）。
這次變革，主要是為了應對移動互聯網的大潮：騰訊將同一產品的手機端和PC端整合，把原來的無線業務BU拆了，和PC上的對等業務合併在了一個部門。從而確保了騰訊從PC互聯網向移動互聯網升級，並通過科技技術 “連接一切”，為億萬用戶提供優質服務的同時建立起了開放生態。
這種組織架構具有邊界簡明的優點，以部門/產品組為單位，一個產品部門就能自主立項，快速試驗，當遇到大的技術難題時，再從公司層面抽調有經驗的同事增援。在一定的產品領域和試錯時間內，允許不同的產品團隊有不同取向的探索。”
三、組織架構向產業互聯網升級，新設CSIG
當進入ABC（AI、Bigdata、Cloud）時代， 戰略的重整、組織結構的裂變，成為新時代的破題之義。
近兩年，To B（企業端）、To G（政府民生端）業務的整合、資料的共用和打通是近來騰訊內部最關心的話題。但騰訊To B、To G業務的最大阻力不是來自競爭對手，而是內部機制。
作為騰訊To B業務的重要出口，騰訊雲原屬於“以打造娛樂化社交、場景化通訊和雲化企業服務”的SNG。其它的AI、互聯網+民生、辦公、小程式、公眾號等To B業務則散落在不同的BG和業務部門。這就帶來很重的“資料牆”和“組織牆”的問題，突出表現是多頭銷售、各自為政。
基於由消費互聯網向產業互聯網升級的前瞻思考和主動進化，以及對自身“連接”使命和價值觀的傳承，騰訊將原有的七大事業群升級為六大事業群：保留原有的企業發展事業群（CDG）、互動娛樂事業群（IEG）、技術工程事業群（TEG）、微信事業群（WXG）；又突出聚焦融合效應，新成立雲與智慧產業事業群（CSIG）、平臺與內容事業群（PCG）。
過去，在以社交和娛樂為業務重心的騰訊業務體系中，騰訊雲並不是明星。但在騰訊內部，騰訊雲被視為騰訊大生態和“連接器”的一個重要落點，承擔著騰訊開放戰略的實行。這一次組織架構調整，突出了騰訊雲在騰訊未來發展中的重要戰略地位。
在互聯網上半場，騰訊的使命是做好連接；而在下半場，騰訊的使命是成為各行各業最貼身的數位化助手。
新成立的CSIG，將整合騰訊雲、互聯網+、智慧零售、教育、醫療、安全和LBS等行業解決方案，推動產業的數位化升級。
多年來，騰訊已經在雲、支付、AI、安全等諸多技術領域積累了深厚的能力。目前，騰訊雲已經有2000多個合作夥伴，行業解決方案超過六十種，助力各行各業打造自己的超級大腦，在政務、醫療、工業、零售、交通、金融等領域都創造了大批數位化轉型成功的案例。
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