蕃薯的食療
楊惟婷整理
一、蕃薯（地瓜）的營養價值
中美洲的土著自古以來就以蕃薯為主食，而蕃薯一直到十六世紀才經由歐洲傳來東南亞。
在所有的薯類之中，蕃薯的維他命C含量最為豐富，即使在加熱以後，也不會被破壞掉。
就以維他命E的和含量來說，蕃薯的維他命E含量足足是糙米的兩倍，同時也含有很多克服成人病不可缺少的鉀。
黃色品種的蕃薯含有豐富的維他命B、胡蘿蔔素，對預防癌症的發生很有效果。根據美國研究機構的報導，只要每天吃蕃薯、南瓜、胡蘿蔔合起來一百公克，就可以防止肺癌。蕃薯所具有的蛋白鋂，抗氧化物質以及葉紅素，很受到注目。
蕃薯也含有很豐富的丙種纖維素，能消除膽固醇以及克服頑固的便秘；而且就算吃的量多一些，也不致引起腹瀉。當我們在切蕃薯時流出的白色黏液，就是能夠使通便順暢的好物質。
此外，中藥有一種叫 (補中益氣)的藥方，這種藥方能夠幫助身體消化器的作用，使全身充滿力氣。蕃薯就具備有這種功能，使衰弱的身體恢復健康。
烤蕃薯所具有的藥效最強大，尤其是逢到胃腸衰弱，氣力衰退時，吃烤蕃薯最有功效。
二、蕃薯的健胃整腸功效
由於糞便發酵而產生的腐敗物質會滯留於腸內，因此當糞便長時間滯留於體內時，它就會從腸壁進入血液裡面，而循環於體內。這種被汙染的血液，將招致種種疾病。
那麼，為了防止便秘，我們應該如何著手呢？
居住於新幾內亞的人，極少罹患便秘。他們的腸胃機能與消化能力都非常良好，他們的健康情形也比我們良好，秘訣就在他們的飲食生活。
新幾內亞的居民以蕃薯為主食。他們一天吃兩餐，每天吃500公克的蕃薯，一天總共吃一公斤之多。因為，新幾內亞的居民多吃含食物纖維豐富的蕃薯，而排出大量糞便，所以他們不會罹患便秘，胃腸機能特別良好。
或許我們不能全盤接受吃蕃薯為主食的飲食生活，不過，我們可以採取折衷方式，那就是所謂(蕃薯斷食法)。
必須準備的東西為—–烤熟的蕃薯，以及少許的蕃茄、洋蔥等蔬菜。
這種只吃蕃薯的(斷食整腸法)，可以選在不上班的星期六或者星期天實行。只要一天就夠了。在這一天的三餐裡，必須總共吃一公斤以上的地瓜。分成三餐吃(最好每一餐吃半公斤)，再配以少許的蕃茄或者黃瓜、洋蔥之類就行了。
蕃薯最好採取烤的方法，不要吃蕃薯以外的食物。
採取這種健胃整腸斷食的翌日或第三天，將排出很多(約一公斤)的糞便。如此重複吃幾次以後，就能夠消除便秘問題，胃腸機能與消化力就會變成良好。
可能有一部分不能排出大量糞便，而只能排出少許。這一類人的胃腸可能已經受到相當的傷害，不過，再重複幾次的(蕃薯斷食法)後，必定能夠好轉。不但能夠克服便秘，胃腸機能也能夠轉為良好。
三、吃蕃薯綜合料理防治胃癌
預防胃癌—-蕃薯、紅蘿蔔與牛奶的綜合料理﹕
亞洲人所罹患的癌症，大約有六十%屬於消化系統的癌症。近些年來，雖然罹患率已經降低了些，然而，但它仍然是大的威脅。
這一道蕃薯、紅蘿蔔與牛奶的綜合料理，包含了對預防胃癌有預防效果的硫化物。
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