女人愛美從飲食開始
楊惟婷
臺大醫院營養部組長陳珮蓉營養師表示，食物是維持女人美麗的最大因素，吃對食物，自然由內而外散發美麗光采，吃不對，加速老化，流失健康。
例如，陽明大學皮膚學科多年前曾進行「青春痘與腸胃道之間的關係調查」，結果發現三成五痘痘族的腸胃有問題，最主要的症狀是便祕，便祕情況愈嚴重，兩者之間關連性就愈顯著。
而美國哈佛大學公共衛生學院也曾觀察47000多名青少女的飲食，分析比較後發現，牛奶與皮膚問題間有明顯關聯。女生若要皮膚光滑無瑕，少喝牛奶比別碰薯條與巧克力來的有效，可能是牛奶天然的成長激素，會引發青少女長痘痘。
事實上，許多女性都有吃錯食物引起美麗困擾的經驗。
例如：常吃麻辣鍋、炸雞或吃太多油炸物，第二天起床，發現痘痘自動冒出。
所以，吃對食物，自然美。關鍵在於﹕
關鍵一、醣類、蛋白質、脂質三大類營養是美麗的基本元素
美麗不只是擁有黃金比例的五官或身材，尚包含內在與外在的整體美，而食物占了整體美的最大關鍵。
臺北長庚醫院營養治療科營養師許美雅表示，醣類、蛋白質、脂質三大類營養是美麗的基本元素。
譬如，米、麵等澱粉類食物，會提供碳水化合物，是活力來源，能維持身體基礎代謝。
外表的皮膚、頭髮、指甲是否有光澤，及內在的荷爾蒙是否順利運行，都需蛋白質輔助，可從豆、魚、肉、奶中獲取。
脂質是細胞膜的主要成分，需經常補充，以保護細胞。
蔬果中的維生素及礦物質含量豐富，參與身體許多生化作用，有抗疲勞、抗老化的功效。
尤其，人體是由不同細胞建構而成，要活得健康，需倚賴強壯細胞。
正確的食物能供給細胞養分，維持身體的活動機能、增強抵抗力、預防疾病。即使受到外在天氣或病毒的侵入，優質食物也能立即提供充足營養，讓細胞發揮擊退異物及自行修補功能，迅速回復健康。
關鍵二、均衡飲食才能維持纖纖身材
每天均衡攝取六大類食物就是吃對食物，這些食物有全穀根莖類、豆魚肉蛋類、低脂乳品類、油脂或堅果種子類、蔬菜類及水果類，每一類對身體都有不同作用，必須均衡攝取。
當細胞得到完整營養，會促進新陳代謝，胃口會變小，熱量也不會囤積體內，自然保有纖纖身材。
關鍵三、多吃鹼性食物會美麗肌膚
女性朋友很在乎皮膚是否光滑、細緻無斑點，更擔心皺紋、下垂寫在臉上，很勤用保養品，其實飲食才是最大關鍵。
多吃豆類、蔬菜、水果、藻類這類鹼性食物會促進肌膚美麗。
鹼性食物是指食物經身體代謝後，所產生的陽離子（如：鉀與鈣）會多於陰離子（如：磷酸及氯），當血液呈現微鹼性時，各個器官運作正常，皮膚自然散發光采。
關鍵四、6大SPF食物幫你美白
為了美白，除了做足外在防曬功夫，你也不能忽略從「內在」加強防曬，充分攝取「SPF食物」，更能升高抗曬戰力，所以需要多吃芭樂、芒果、豆腐、巧克力與喝茶。
為什麼食物也能防曬？皮膚科醫學研究發現，陽光中的紫外線會刺激皮膚產生大量氧化自由基，而自由基會破壞皮膚細胞組織，加速黑色素生成的氧化反應，讓皮膚變得暗沉、粗糙及失去彈性，也使皮膚的抵抗力降低。因此，「防曬食物就是能提高抗氧化力、幫助清除自由基的食物，」國泰醫院皮膚科主任醫師胡淑玲解釋說。
哪些是能防曬的「SPF食物」？皮膚科醫生推薦你，從今起把下列食物放入飲食清單裡。
1、每天吃高維生素C水果
維生素C可說是「永遠的美膚聖品」，想保有健康明亮、不易曬傷老化的皮膚，幾乎每個皮膚科醫生都會叫你多吃高維生素C蔬果。例如每天吃2～3份水果，其中一樣選擇高維生素C的芭樂、奇異果、草莓、聖女番茄或是柑橘類。
2、適量攝取黃紅色蔬果
紅橘黃蔬果、食物及深綠色葉菜，如胡蘿蔔、芒果、紅黃番茄、木瓜、地瓜、南瓜、地瓜葉、空心菜等，多半含有大量胡蘿蔔素及其他的植物化學物質，有助於抗氧化，增強皮膚抵抗力。
不過，多吃無益，脂溶性的胡蘿蔔素攝取過量會累積在體內，不但有毒性，而且容易讓膚色顯得「黃黃的」，停止攝食後，需要一段時間才能慢慢代謝掉，胡淑玲醫師提醒不宜吃過量。
3、大豆製品
大豆中的異黃酮素（Isoflavones）是一種植物性雌激素，可以代替一部份女性荷爾蒙的作用，幫助對抗老化，而它也具有抗氧化能力，是女性維持光澤細嫩皮膚不可缺少的一類食物。
大豆製品，如豆腐、豆漿（建議不放糖）是比較好的選擇，而其他加工豆製品，如百頁豆腐、豆干及豆皮等，熱量都比一般豆腐高很多，最好少食用。
4、抓把堅果當零食
堅果的油脂多半富含維生素Ｅ，可幫助抗氧化和消除傷害皮膚細胞的自由基。高維生素Ｅ的食物還包括小麥胚芽及各類堅果。
另外，如果你平時都吃白米飯、白麵包，建議捨棄它們，改吃全穀類吧！因為「吃得愈粗、皮膚愈細」，全穀類正含有大量維生素B群及E，都是幫皮膚增強抵抗力及復原能力的重要營養素。
5、來杯熱可可
巧克力裡含有多種豐富的抗氧化物，如可可多酚、類黃酮，適量攝取也對皮膚有益。
可可純度愈高的巧克力功效愈好，而美國農業部研究發現，在所有巧克力產品中，可可粉含有最多類黃酮和抗氧化物。目前市面上可買到沒有添加糖及奶粉（精）的100％純黑可可巧克力粉，只要調合熱牛奶，少量加一點紅糖，就能享受一杯美味香醇的熱可可了。
如果想吃黑巧克力，建議選擇可可含量50～75％，每天不超過55克為宜。
6、每天2杯茶
美國研究指出，喝綠茶或是使用含綠茶成分（指兒茶素）的保養品，可以讓日曬導致皮膚曬傷、鬆弛和粗糙的過氧化物減少約三分之一，表示皮膚受陽光損害的程度變輕。
茶類裡含有茶多酚，是一種強力抗氧化劑，有研究甚至指出，它比傳統維生素A、C、E的抗氧化能力還高。其中最主要的成分是兒茶素，會因為氧化而減少，所以幾乎未發酵的綠茶裡保有最多兒茶素，半發酵的烏龍茶、包種茶次之，而全發酵的紅茶裡則最少。不過，綠茶的咖啡因含量也較多，容易引起某些人睡不好，也有人喝綠茶會胃腸不適，最好小心限量飲用。
每天應喝多少茶，眾說紛紜，但一般健康人想飲茶養生，一天可喝2～4杯，並依自已身體情況調整，或是建議不同茶類換著喝。
關鍵五、遠離7種催促肌膚老化食品
想要美肌與減重的美女們，飲食尤其重要，想要漂亮，7種催促老化的食物請別再碰了！
1、麵包、蛋糕─
大部分麵包是用白麵粉做的，易消化吸收，但膳食纖維含量極低，又會造成血糖極速上升，是減肥時的天敵！
2、糖─
它使妳皺紋生長加速，損害膠原蛋白讓肌膚黯淡無光，可說是催老的冠軍食品。
3、酒─
酒精不只會讓妳頭疼、發胖，第二天早上還會使妳嚴重脫水，影響肌膚。
4、咖啡因─
雖然有不錯的利尿功效，它也會讓肌膚變薄和乾燥缺水，所以應該適度攝取就好。
5、油炸物─
炸物容易上火，加劇肌膚發炎反應，痘痘自然容易惡化。
6、加工零食─
加工食品常含有過量的鈉與糖，雖然好吃但對腎臟負擔太重，對肌膚傷害更是。
7、鹽─
過鹹的飲食習慣會讓妳浮腫，甚至促使粉刺與痘痘生成。
關鍵六、親近10種美膚食品
根據美國《預防》雜誌載文，刊出皮膚科專家們總結的有益皮膚健康的食物。
1、長葉萵苣
6片萵苣葉子就可以提供1天所需的維生素A，可促進細胞代謝。另外萵苣中的鉀能促進血液循環，讓皮膚獲得更多養分。
2、番茄
番茄中的番茄紅素可保護皮膚中的膠原，使之不易剝落。德國研究發現，番茄紅素有助展平皺紋，使皮膚細嫩光滑。常吃番茄還不易出現黑眼圈。
3、草莓
草莓中的維生素C可促進膠原纖維生成，使皮膚光滑有彈性。
4、蘋果
蘋果皮中的抗氧化劑槲皮素可保護皮膚免受短波紫外線的傷害。因此，大太陽天，出門前除了抹防曬霜，不妨再吃個蘋果。
5、大豆
研究發現，三四十歲的婦女常吃豆豉(富含大豆異黃酮)，有助於改善皮膚鬆弛。
6、杏仁
每天吃一把杏仁可提高維生素E水平，維生素E能抑制皮膚衰老，防止色素沉著。
7、核桃。
核桃富含α亞麻酸，可滋潤皮膚，保持皮膚彈性。
8、黑巧克力。
可可中的脂肪可促進血液循環。研究發現，連續12周每天喝半杯富含黃酮混合物的可可飲料(包括黑巧克力)，可使皮膚更柔軟、光滑、滋潤。
9、優質初榨橄欖油。
《柳葉刀——腫瘤學》雜誌刊登的一項研究發現，有益健康的初榨橄欖油所含的必需脂肪酸(EFAs)有助於防止紫外線傷害皮膚，並有助皮膚保濕。人體無法合成EFAs，因此最好每天攝入1湯匙橄欖油。
10、全穀食物。
麵包等穀類食物中的抗氧化劑，對保護皮膚具有重要作用。人體中的自然抗氧化劑會隨著年齡增大而減少，因此必須通過飲食予以及時補充。
關鍵七、遠離觸犯美白大忌的食物
檸檬含豐富維生素C，能夠促進新陳代謝、延緩衰老、美白淡斑、收縮毛孔、軟化角質層及讓肌膚有光澤。所以，愛美女性喝檸檬汁養顏美白。
但切記勿用檸檬片敷臉，因若經紫外線照射，反而容易造成膚質變黑。原來是檸檬裡的「感光物質」在作怪，一經曬太陽（紫外線照射），皮膚就過敏、發炎，並且造成色素沉澱，導致「植物光過敏性皮膚炎」。
又如使用香水、精油，裡面也常有具感光性的植物成分，最常見是柑橘類的佛手柑、葡萄柚、橘子等，因此需小心，避免噴塗在身體會曝曬在陽光下的部位，或只在晚間才使用這一類精油產品。
另含有「感光物質」的植物除了上述柑橘類水果之外，還有我們常吃的辛香料，如九層塔、芫荽（香菜），及芹菜、胡蘿蔔、無花果、愛玉等。
不過，台大皮膚部主治醫師邱品齊認為，這些食物一般食用量不會太多，只要飲食均衡，不必太擔心，做好基本防曬工作更重要。
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