五體不滿足

五體不滿足

惟雯說故事

 

乙武洋匡—日本人,無關釣魚島。

他剛出生時,就被醫生判定為「先天性四肢截斷症」。換句話說,他出生了,手腳卻沒出生。

 

醫院擔心剛生產的母親無法承受如此沈重的打擊,以嬰兒黃膽嚴重為由,不讓母子相見。

 

直到一個月後,院方做了週全的準備,才讓母親與乙武洋匡見面。

沒想到樂天知命的母親,在見到他的一剎那,脫口而出的一句話竟是:「好可愛啊!」,完全出乎在場所有人的預料。

她的心情不是驚訝、悲傷,而是喜悅。母子的第一次接觸,對乙武洋匡的一生產生了無法計量的影響。

 

從小長得像玩具熊寶寶的乙武洋匡,頗受鄰居的歡迎。他的父母從不認為他是殘障者,不但帶著他到處跑,還將他送進一般的學校。他們不刻意幫助他做任何事,養成他不依賴人的獨立個性。

 

幼稚園時期的乙武洋匡,是個典型的孩子王。上了小學後,原本依靠電動輪椅來去自如的他,遇到了自願擔任他級任導師的高木老師。

為了避免乙武洋匡因為坐電動輪椅產生優越感,及喪失鍛鍊體力的機會,高木老師禁止他乘坐。老師認為:「現在當然可以儘量寵他,但他遲早必須獨自生活。而我的職責,就是替他考慮他的將來。」

 

老師的這項決定是正確的,因為乙武洋匡就讀的國中、高中及大學的殘障設施都不齊全。他唯一的選擇就是把輪椅停在樓梯下,然後用腳(或臀部)上下樓梯,並且在校舍之間來往。

乙武洋匡長大後,每當想起高木老師,就體會出「真正的嚴格就是真正的慈愛」這句話的意義。

 

與一般正常小孩一樣,乙武洋匡最期盼的就是下課時間,體育課則是他的最愛。他喜歡打籃球、棒球、桌球、游泳及爬山。在從事這些運動的過程中,他從未受到排斥,同學甚至於為他設定他專用的「乙武規則」,使他能持續對運動的興趣。上中學以後,他還加入籃球隊。靠著自創的「超低空運球」,常能直搗敵陣,並且立下戰功,令對手嘖嘖稱奇。

 

父母的放任及信任讓乙武洋匡逐漸長成獨立而有自信的人。也正因為如此,他竟然不曾察覺自己的殘障,直到過了二十歲,面臨就業問題,他才發覺自己與別人大不相同。別人眼中的他,也許可憐又可悲,但是他從不這麼想。

 

他認為,既然上天給了他這麼獨特的身體,這個身體就是他的特徵,也是他的長處。如果他不發揮這個長處,去做只有擁有這種身體的人才能做的事,那豈不是太浪費了?就讀小學時,當他知道「特徵」及「特長」的差異後,他在作自我介紹時,不再寫「特徵:沒有手腳」,而改成「特長:沒有手腳」。因為「特徵」只是代表不同,「特長」卻是與他人不同,「特別優秀的部分」。

 

「既然有殘障者做不到的事,應該也有只有殘障者才做得到的事。上天是為了叫我達成這個使命,才賜給我這樣的身體。」
因為有這樣的使命感,考上早稻田大學後,他親自上書校方,提出改善對殘障者不便的設施,並加入學校周邊商店及社區的改活動,更積極到各學校團體,甚至國會演講,以實際行動推動「無障礙空間」 和「心靈無障礙」的公益活動,以寫作與演講,讓社會得到不同的聲音。

 

很多人看到乙武洋匡如此開朗、幽默、風趣,不禁懷疑他難道沒有沮喪或是低潮的時候?沒有人相信像他這樣一個重殘的人會如此地快樂,而且快樂得令人嫉妒。可是乙武洋匡真得很快樂,而且他很愛自己。他承認身體殘障的人一定會有痛苦及無數的傷心經驗,但他把這些都當做是「別人家的事」,全然不放在心上。

 

對乙武洋匡而言,幸運及幸福都是周遭的人所賜,如果失去了他們,他的人生將是一片黑暗。乙武洋匡之所以有今天,他確實有比一般孩子幸運的地方,因為他有一對很棒的父母。
他的父母只希望他能與與常的孩子一樣,活潑快樂地長大,乙武洋匡做到了。他不但一天天長大,而且長得比一般人更健康,不在他的軀體,而在他的心智。

 

他說「殘障只是我身體的特徵,沒有必要為身體上特徵而苦惱。奇妙的身體,是上天送給我最有創意的禮物。」

他認為:「人生不會因為有手有腳就變得完美,也不會因為身體的殘障就注定了不完美。」但是人生如果可以重來,他倒想過一過四肢健全的日子。原因無他,只因為他已充分體會了「五體不滿足」的日子,換一種生活過過看也不賴。

 

如今的他是日本早稻體大學四年級的學生,也是作家及記者,他還積極到各地去演講,推動「無障礙空間與心靈」的公益活動。

他以樂觀當做雙手,以自信當雙腳。他從不貶低自己,他絕不虛度生命中的每一天。

 

若問乙武,人生最重要的一件事是什麼?

他的回答是:「活著的尊嚴」。而他存在的本身,就是對生命的禮讚與鼓舞。
這就是乙武洋匡,一個把悲劇演成喜劇的天才。

 

PS:乙武洋匡的名字「洋匡」的意思是:有像海洋一樣寬大的胸襟,能匡正社會,而他也真的「名符其實」,沒有以自身的殘障為藉口,比別人付出多倍的努力,讓他不只是在學業出色,跑步、游泳、籃球等球類運動,他也能得心應手,是學校的風雲人物

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