腸躁症的防治
楊惟婷整理
腸躁症是最常見的腸胃症狀之一，但也是最常被誤解的疾病之一。
據統計，歐美國家因為腸躁症不舒服請假的天數，多到跟感冒一樣。
大部分人會以為「腸躁症」就是「腸子」的問題，甚至會因為擔心肚子長瘤，到醫院做了許多沒必要的檢查，浪費時間，結果症狀也沒改善。
其實，腸躁症是個複雜、但不會要人命的症候群，很難「藥到病除」，需要長期調養。以下整理一些腸躁症的防治方法：
一、腸躁症的特色
腸躁症的特色如下﹕
- 工業國家成年人隨時有20%會受腸躁症所苦
- 到腸胃科看診的腸躁病人，有15%有憂鬱症狀、甚至自殺意念
- 憂鬱常惡化便秘，焦慮會加快腹瀉
- 腸躁症體質的人，日常生活的壓力就有可能誘發腸躁症
- 腸躁症常因為半年前頻繁的壓力事件而爆發
- 男女性罹患腸躁症的機率均等，但女性看診次數比男性多一倍
- 腸躁症病人有50%在35歲之前發病，90%在50歲前發病
- 40%的腸躁症病人會因此減少社交活動
- 在嚴重的腸胃炎之後一段時間，病人出現腸躁症的機率會增加，這是因為腸胃炎讓病人腸道神經系統功能變差了。不過這類的腸躁症「預後」最好，能夠完全治癒的比率最高。
腸躁症常見附屬症狀﹕
- 腹部腫脹與腸子脹氣
- 不規則、可能每天都不一樣的腸子蠕動
- 消化不良
- 頭痛、背痛、肌肉痛、疲倦、頻尿
- 女性常見性交後疼痛
二、「神經失調」是腸躁症重要原因之一
人的腸道肌肉夾層裡的感覺受器對食物通過膨脹、與腸道肌肉攣縮的感覺往往是很靈敏。尤其腸躁症的人，對這些正常的感覺更是過度敏感，會引發疼痛、脹氣的感覺。而這過度敏感往往是因為神經失調。
腸躁症跟三個神經系統有關：交感神經、副交感神經或腸道神經系統的失衡，造成排便習慣改便，或對腸道脹氣、膨脹的感覺異常敏感。
三、每個人的腸躁症狀都不太一樣
腸躁症的英文是irritable bowel syndrome，syndrome就是「症候群」，意思是許多常見症狀的組合，但沒有確定的病因、以及確定診斷的病名。腸躁症無法以任何醫學檢查來確認，醫師只能從病人描述的症狀來判斷。
原本腸躁症有一套很複雜的診斷準則，但後來臨床醫師的標準越來越寬鬆，因為每個人的表現症狀都不太一樣，但從結果來看都是腸躁症。現在只要有「慢性、反覆的腹痛與不適，加上排便習慣改變」，然後又找不到其他腸道器官的損傷，臨床上就會當做是「腸躁症」。
四、腸躁症可能會長期存在
腸躁症通常跟個人體質與長期壓力有關，一旦出現腸躁症，這些症狀可能會長期出現，就算用藥物硬壓症狀，也可能會從另一個地方跑出來。病人應學習改善體質、減輕症狀的方法，但也得習慣跟腸躁症和平相處。想辦法讓症狀緩和下來、學習漸漸別太在意症狀，腸躁症的負面影響就會越來越小。
五、不用過度擔心腸躁症
腸躁症的症狀不會劇烈起伏，有腸躁症的人，平均壽命也不會縮短。
亦即腸躁症不會自己突然惡化成嚴重的癌症或腫瘤，變成致命疾病或重大傷害的機率也幾乎等於零。
治療腸躁症很重要的是：不要只是聽症狀然後直接給藥。跟病人解釋腸躁症的原理，讓病人了解腸躁症會長期存在，但不會有重大併發症，平常心面對，反而對病情會有幫助。
六、腸躁症跟壓力沒有絕對關係
雖然腸躁症跟神經失調高度相關，但最原始的病因可能是「體質」，不一定跟什麼很大的「壓力」有關。
不過，腸躁症不舒服起來，可是會增加焦慮、煩躁、失眠的症狀，甚至讓一些病人不敢出門、導致心情變差，所以反過來說，腸躁症本身就是一個「壓力」。
統計上，一些社會壓力如失業、親人過世、夫妻爭吵、財務困難、人際障礙，還是有可能誘發腸躁症變嚴重。
七、腸躁症沒有特效藥
有時，腸躁症病人可以藉由消脹氣、止痛、止瀉或軟便的藥物做「症狀治療」，但由於腸躁的主因是「神經失調」、不同人症狀的個別差異很大，所以目前並沒有腸躁症的特效藥，藥物治療的成效往往有限。病人常需要嘗試各種不同的藥物與非藥物的治療方式，或尋求不同醫師的協助。
但有研究指出，可多選擇高營養密度的蔬果，其中含有豐富膳食纖維的奇異果，更能有效幫助改善便秘型腸躁症狀。
奇異果內含的寡醣、膳食纖維以及特有的奇異酵素，這些都有助於減緩便秘，寡醣為一種「益生質」，有利於腸胃中好菌生長及促進蠕動，而膳食纖維具有高度保水性，能軟化糞便，幫助排便。另外，奇異果所含的奇異酵素（Actinidin）能促進蛋白質分解，幫助胃部排空，並加速消化道蠕動，刺激大腸黏膜，增加排便，
避免壞菌生長，減輕腸胃道的負擔。
除了奇異果外，鳳梨、木瓜、無花果都含有酵素，建議有便秘困擾的民眾都可以多多食用。
八、改善神經失調，可望減輕腸躁症狀
腸躁症主要來自腸道神經系統的過度敏感，而自律神經系統（交感與副交感）又會影響腸道神經系統。所以，只要是可以改善自律神經失調的藥物，或有氧運動、瑜伽、腹式呼吸、氣功、靜坐、催眠等，都有可能改善腸躁症狀。充足的睡眠也很重要。
九、腸躁症的飲食禁忌
腸躁症病人可能會對某些食物「過敏」，激起強烈胃腸不適，這有時必須靠病人自己察覺。大體來說，高含量的油脂、咖啡因、高纖維的食品，較容易惡化腸躁症。
傳統觀念認為，腸胃不好就是要吃稀飯、牛奶、地瓜、豆漿等對腸胃好的食物，減少消化負擔，但這種想法在醫生眼裡根本適得其反，更容易脹氣拉肚子！
胃腸肝膽科醫師張振榕表示，大腸激躁症患者最需注意的是避免脹氣，地瓜、豆漿、大蒜、洋蔥等高產氣食物，絕對不行吃。
十、精神科醫師的畫龍點睛
改善腸道神經失調的藥物，就是精神科醫師最擅長、最常開的藥物。而腸躁症拖久後，容易併發失眠、焦慮症狀，這也可以讓精神科醫師一併處理。花時間為病人解釋腸躁症，讓病人不會因為腸躁症過度擔憂、慮病，這是精神科醫師的專長。
其實不只腸躁症，像胃食道逆流、胃潰瘍等容易受壓力影響的腸胃疾病，同時看精神科往往會好更快。
如果腸躁症已經影響到生活品質，除了看胃腸科外，請記得也要到家裡附近的精神科診所聽聽醫師的建議。
本文主要資料來源：Understanding Irritable Bowel Syndrome。
作者：Dr Kieran J. Moriaty
微信 
留言列表（828条）
Does your website have a contact page? I’m having problems locating it but, I’d like to send you an e-mail. I’ve got some recommendations for your blog you might be interested in hearing. Either way, great site and I look forward to seeing it develop over time.
Hurrah! Finally I got a website from where I can actually get helpful information regarding my study and knowledge.
It’s hard to find well-informed people on this topic, but you sound like you know what you’re talking about! Thanks
When I originally commented I clicked the “Notify me when new comments are added” checkbox and now each time a comment is added I get three emails with the same comment. Is there any way you can remove me from that service? Thanks!
Fantastic blog! Do you have any suggestions for aspiring writers? I’m planning to start my own website soon but I’m a little lost on everything. Would you propose starting with a free platform like WordPress or go for a paid option? There are so many choices out there that I’m totally confused .. Any ideas? Thank you!
It’s awesome designed for me to have a website, which is valuable for my knowledge. thanks admin
If some one needs to be updated with most recent technologies after that he must be pay a visit this site and be up to date everyday.
It’s awesome designed for me to have a website, which is valuable designed for my knowledge. thanks admin
Write more, thats all I have to say. Literally, it seems as though you relied on the video to make your point. You clearly know what youre talking about, why waste your intelligence on just posting videos to your site when you could be giving us something enlightening to read?
Pretty portion of content. I simply stumbled upon your web site and in accession capital to say that I acquire in fact enjoyed account your blog posts. Any way I’ll be subscribing in your augment or even I fulfillment you get entry to persistently fast.
Way cool! Some very valid points! I appreciate you writing this article and also the rest of the site is extremely good.
Thank you for another informative web site. Where else may I am getting that kind of info written in such a perfect approach? I have a challenge that I am simply now operating on, and I have been at the glance out for such information.
Sweet blog! I found it while surfing around on Yahoo News. Do you have any tips on how to get listed in Yahoo News? I’ve been trying for a while but I never seem to get there! Many thanks
Write more, thats all I have to say. Literally, it seems as though you relied on the video to make your point. You definitely know what youre talking about, why waste your intelligence on just posting videos to your blog when you could be giving us something enlightening to read?
Hi, I do believe this is a great website. I stumbledupon it 😉 I will return yet again since I book marked it. Money and freedom is the greatest way to change, may you be rich and continue to guide other people.
An impressive share, I simply given this onto a colleague who was doing a bit evaluation on this. And he in actual fact purchased me breakfast because I discovered it for him.. smile. So let me reword that: Thnx for the treat! But yeah Thnkx for spending the time to debate this, I really feel strongly about it and love reading extra on this topic. If attainable, as you develop into expertise, would you thoughts updating your blog with more details? It is extremely helpful for me. Big thumb up for this blog put up!
I’m amazed, I must say. Seldom do I encounter a blog that’s equally educative and engaging, and let me tell you, you have hit the nail on the head. The problem is an issue that too few people are speaking intelligently about. I am very happy I stumbled across this in my search for something regarding this.
We are offering Concrete Parking Lot Contractor, Concrete Installation Contractor Service, warehouse flooring, commercial, and industrial concrete roadways.
Can I just say what a relief to discover a person that really understands what they are talking about on the web. You actually understand how to bring a problem to light and make it important. More and more people ought to check this out and understand this side of your story. It’s surprising you are not more popular because you most certainly have the gift.
Nice i really enjoyed reading your blogs. Keep on posting. Thanks
It’s hard to find experienced people about this topic, however, you seem like you know what you’re talking about! Thanks
I have to thank you for the efforts you’ve put in writing this blog. I really hope to view the same high-grade content by you later on as well. In truth, your creative writing abilities has motivated me to get my own website now 😉
Hmm is anyone else encountering problems with the images on this blog loading? I’m trying to find out if its a problem on my end or if it’s the blog. Any feedback would be greatly appreciated.
It?s actually a nice and helpful piece of info. I?m satisfied that you shared this useful info with us. Please stay us up to date like this. Thanks for sharing.
Heya are using WordPress for your site platform? I’m new to the blog world but I’m trying to get started and set up my own. Do you require any html coding knowledge to make your own blog? Any help would be really appreciated!
Very good post. I will be experiencing some of these issues as well..
Good write-up, I am regular visitor of one?s website, maintain up the excellent operate, and It is going to be a regular visitor for a lengthy time.
That is a really good tip especially to those new to the blogosphere. Brief but very precise info… Many thanks for sharing this one. A must read post!
Hi, I do believe this is an excellent website. I stumbledupon it 😉 I may revisit yet again since I bookmarked it. Money and freedom is the greatest way to change, may you be rich and continue to help others.
Your passion and dedication to your craft radiate through every article. Your positive energy is infectious, and it’s evident that you genuinely care about your readers’ experience. Your blog brightens my day!
This is a topic which is near to my heart… Take care! Exactly where are your contact details though?
This article is a true game-changer! Your practical tips and well-thought-out suggestions hold incredible value. I’m eagerly anticipating implementing them. Thank you not only for sharing your expertise but also for making it accessible and easy to apply.
Hi there! Do you use Twitter? I’d like to follow you if that would be ok. I’m definitely enjoying your blog and look forward to new updates.
One thing I’ve noticed is there are plenty of common myths regarding the finance institutions intentions when talking about home foreclosure. One fable in particular is the fact that the bank would like your house. The financial institution wants your hard earned dollars, not your house. They want the amount of money they lent you along with interest. Avoiding the bank is only going to draw some sort of foreclosed summary. Thanks for your article.
I can’t help but be impressed by the way you break down complex concepts into easy-to-digest information. Your writing style is not only informative but also engaging, which makes the learning experience enjoyable and memorable. It’s evident that you have a passion for sharing your knowledge, and I’m grateful for that.
This article resonated with me on a personal level. Your ability to emotionally connect with your audience is truly commendable. Your words are not only informative but also heartwarming. Thank you for sharing your insights.
Another thing I’ve noticed is that often for many people, bad credit is the response to circumstances over and above their control. By way of example they may be actually saddled with an illness and because of this they have more bills going to collections. It could be due to a occupation loss and the inability to do the job. Sometimes divorce or separation can send the funds in the undesired direction. Thanks sharing your notions on this web site.
I’d like to express my heartfelt appreciation for this enlightening article. Your distinct perspective and meticulously researched content bring a fresh depth to the subject matter. It’s evident that you’ve invested a great deal of thought into this, and your ability to articulate complex ideas in such a clear and comprehensible manner is truly commendable. Thank you for generously sharing your knowledge and making the process of learning so enjoyable.
Pretty! This was an extremely wonderful article. Thank you for providing this information.
I must thank you for the efforts you have put in writing this blog. I really hope to see the same high-grade content by you later on as well. In truth, your creative writing abilities has motivated me to get my own site now 😉
I like it whenever people come together and share views. Great website, stick with it!
Your blog has quickly become my trusted source of inspiration and knowledge. I genuinely appreciate the effort you put into crafting each article. Your dedication to delivering high-quality content is evident, and I look forward to every new post.
Great site you have got here.. It’s hard to find excellent writing like yours these days. I really appreciate individuals like you! Take care!!
Hello, all the time i used to check web site posts here early
in the dawn, for the reason that i love to
find out more and more.
A great post without any doubt.
What’s up everyone, it’s my first pay a visit at this website, and article is in fact fruitful for me, keep up posting such articles.
Oh my goodness! Impressive article dude! Many thanks, However I am experiencing difficulties with your RSS. I don’t know why I am unable to join it. Is there anybody getting identical RSS issues? Anyone that knows the answer will you kindly respond? Thanx.
bouncing ball 8 slot
This will be a excellent web page, would you be interested in doing an interview regarding how you created it? If so e-mail me!
I am regular reader, how are you everybody? This post posted at this site is actually good.