教堂塔原理
楊惟雯
一、教堂塔原理
在中古時期的莊園社會，教堂是人們信仰、傳遞訊息、交流情感的重要場所，而教堂塔頂更是鳥瞰全市、保護莊園的制高點。
瑞典商業銀行是在瑞典最成功的銀行，經營成功的密訣，乃是採用一種充分授權、分散管理的經營方式，也就是總行把權力賦予全球各地的子公司經理人。
運用此教堂塔原理，分行經理可以爬到塔頂去觀察銀行所有的客戶，掌握客戶最充分的信息資源，他可以在第一時間聽到所有客戶資金往來的情形，該給公司多少的貸款額度，完全由分行經理決定、控制，分行經理擁有決定重大事情的權利，中間減少了透過總行報備、核准的時間成本，實際上，總部無法比分行經理更了解客戶的狀況。
二、奇美企業的釣魚管理
奇美企業算是充分授權給下屬執行的台灣企業之一，若比起其他每天忙得焦頭爛額的經營者，奇美實業的創辦人許文龍，在一個星期之中就有四天都是到台灣南端海岸或水庫釣魚，很少把大量時間花在處理公事上。
他處理營事業有如釣魚，只是緊抓著手裡的釣竿，任憑水裡的魚兒游動或是上鉤，許文龍緊抓重點經營原則，例如生產產品政策、投資擴廠的評估、重要的人事升遷，其他的全部充分授權給經理人。
三、充分授權的原則
充分授權的價值，在於鼓勵部屬發揮創意、充分自我表現，具體來說，可以分為幾個重點 :
- 評估風險，量力授權:
在授權之前，經營者應充分評估風險，先交付下屬一些風險小的權力，隨後依下屬的表現再逐漸加大風險和權力範圍，直到下屬真能獨當一面為止。
- 賦能授權、權責相符:
授權也絕非給下屬一根釣竿而已，還要教他如何釣魚方法，通過協同的指導與監督，才能使部屬在工作中成長，並從工作中的被認同而實現自我的價值。
再者，授權不單只是給予權力，也要給與同等的責任與任務，才可以評估下屬的績效狀況。有的公司給下屬的責大過於權，把下屬累得半死使工作難以拓展，權大過於責，更可能形成權利重疊，爭功諉過的情形，權責化分過與不及都不好。
- 用人不疑，授權不卸責:
有些經理人怕下屬做不好，凡事事必躬親，不斷地干預下屬的工作，非緊盯著下屬進度不可，如此下屬就容易養成依賴心理，下屬也不願承擔相對應的責任，導致工作效率下降。 因此，授權者應懂得放下，充分授權是為了企業未來競爭力，尤其當組織越龐大，授權（力臂加長）就越重要。
然而，在授權過程中，也不是讓員工無的放矢的盲目進行。
就管理的精義來看：事後控制不如事中控制，事中控制不如事前控制，可惜大多數的事業經營者均未能體會到這一點，等到錯誤的決策造成重大的損失才尋求彌補。
所以，授權者有責任建立及時資訊回饋系統，以有效的掌握被授權者工作的進度，以便及時採取相應的補救措施，予以應對，如此，才可預防被授權者失控。
微信 
留言列表（12条）
Thank you for the good writeup. It in reality was a leisure account it.
Glance complicated to far delivered agreeable from you! However, how could we communicate?
This is my first time pay a quick visit at
here and i am really impressed to read all at alone place.
Its like you learn my mind! You appear to know so much about this, like you wrote the e-book in it or
something. I believe that you just can do with some p.c.
to force the message house a little bit, however instead of that, that
is magnificent blog. A great read. I will definitely be back.
Hello! I’ve been reading your site for a long time now and finally got
the bravery to go ahead and give you a shout out from
Porter Tx! Just wanted to say keep up the excellent job!
If you would like to take much from this article then you have to apply these techniques to your won blog.
Thanks designed for sharing such a good thought, paragraph is fastidious, thats why i have read it
fully
Great information. Lucky me I discovered your blog by accident (stumbleupon).
I’ve book marked it for later!
What i do not understood is actually how you are now not actually much more well-liked than you might
be right now. You are very intelligent. You already know therefore significantly
relating to this matter, made me individually believe it from a lot of varied angles.
Its like men and women are not interested except it is one thing
to accomplish with Girl gaga! Your own stuffs
nice. All the time handle it up!
I read this article fully on the topic of the resemblance of latest
and previous technologies, it’s awesome article.
Hi there, after reading this awesome article i am also happy to share my know-how here with mates.
Howdy, I think your site could be having browser compatibility issues.
Whenever I take a look at your blog in Safari, it looks fine however, when opening in I.E.,
it’s got some overlapping issues. I simply wanted to give you a
quick heads up! Other than that, wonderful blog!
Hi I am so grateful I found your site, I really found you
by accident, while I was searching on Yahoo for something else, Anyhow I am here now and would just like
to say cheers for a marvelous post and a all round entertaining blog (I
also love the theme/design), I don’t have time to look
over it all at the moment but I have saved it
and also added your RSS feeds, so when I have time I
will be back to read a lot more, Please do keep up the superb work.