當老平碰上春山茂雄
楊旭平
壹﹑楔子
在道家的人生觀中﹐人來自虛無﹐在成就他一生的使命之後﹐又回歸虛無……
1995年﹐哈佛大學教授Daniel Goleman出版《情緒智商》(EQ)一書﹐嚐試由大腦生理學角度出發﹐探索個人腦內的自我情緒掌控力﹐對個人行為及對人際關係互動的影響。
並指出﹐EQ是影響一個人一生成就的最重要因素。
同樣在1995年﹐日本奈川縣田園都市厚生醫院的春山茂雄博士﹐亦出版《腦內革命》一書﹐提出人類大腦中所分泌的”腦內嗎啡”荷爾蒙﹐具有對抗所有疾病的先天防禦機能。
並指出人類若能透過正面思考﹐激勵腦內嗎啡分泌﹐將可使人永保年輕﹑快樂﹑健康﹑長壽。
以下﹐本文即以虛擬實境方式﹐擷取《腦內革命》書中精華﹐共饗諸君。
貳﹑虛擬實境 ~ 邂逅
老平曰：春山兄這次神遊各國﹐傳播福音﹐能假道台灣﹐讓弟盡東道之誼﹐弟銘感榮焉。在此﹐首先恭喜春山兄這次《腦內革命》鉅著問世﹐澤被萬民﹐實為名山大業。而弟最感興趣的是﹐兄台究竟在何種靈感驅使下﹐撰寫《腦內革命》這本曠世大作？
春山答：我出生於京都﹐家道世代行醫﹐因此懸壼濟世本為我個人宿願。記得我四歲開始﹐即跟隨祖父學習針灸﹑指壓等東方醫術﹐迨年歲稍長﹐又進入東京大學醫學部鑽研西醫﹐因此有幸得窺中西醫學之堂奧。
在我個人的觀念中﹐西方醫學是”疾病學”﹐著重治療病人的技術。它根據化驗結果或X光照射等方法﹐可以適切地說明疾病的成因﹐並有高明的手術技術﹐相當具有說服力。
相對地﹐東方醫學著重生剋之道﹐講的是虛與實﹑陰與陽﹐自然調和﹐帶有哲學味道﹐一般人較不易理解。但是﹐就我個人多年行醫經驗﹐大多數慢性病﹑成人病或酸痛等病症﹐則東方醫學應較具療效。尤其東方醫學中有所謂「治未病」的觀念﹐亦即在人們未生病之前﹐即「未病」的階段﹐即向其提供健康﹑長壽之道﹐使其防患未然﹐這不才是真正的醫療嗎﹖誠如《黃帝內經》所言﹐「法於陰陽﹐和於術數﹐飲食有節﹐起居有常﹐不妄作勞﹐以怡愉為務﹐治未病」。
由於我個人堅信人類體內本身即具有對抗所有疾病的防禦機能﹐因此﹐我在《腦內革命》這本書中﹐藉助西方醫學中的生化知識﹐來詮釋東方醫學中的自然養生療法的治療原則。並希望藉此激勵每個人有信心去做自己身體的主人。只要每個人能秉持正面積極的人生態度和注意正確的生活方式及飲食習慣﹐相信每個人都能因此擁有健康與快樂的人生。
老平曰：從剛剛兄台話裡行間﹐隱然透漏「病由心生」的語義。兄台是否能進一步解說呢？
春山答：我想﹐在本書中﹐我試圖在揭櫫一個觀點﹐亦即我認為人類大腦﹐在愉悅的氣氛中﹐能分泌出一種近似嗎啡的荷爾蒙﹐吾人稱之為”腦內嗎啡”。它能夠使人情緒處於快感﹑防止老化﹐並提高自然免疫能力及防止成人病侵襲。因此我相信一個人假如在其人生態度上能抱持著正面思考(Plus thought)﹐則透過腦內嗎啡的滋潤﹐使人可永保快樂﹑年輕﹑健康與長壽的人生。
老平曰：如春山兄所言﹐”腦內嗎啡”恰如當年秦始皇朝夕苦尋的長生不老之藥。滑稽的是﹐人類卻不懂得挖掘他自身中的寶藏。在此﹐能否請春山兄進一步闡釋﹐人類如何能挖掘出這個潛藏在他腦內的寶物？
春山答：一般而言﹐與情緒有關的荷爾蒙﹐包括腎上腺素(Adrenalin)﹑副腎上腺素(Noradrenalin)﹑腦啡太(Enkephalin)﹑β內啡太(β-endorphin)等。所謂荷爾蒙﹐乃是一種在細胞間﹐扮演資訊傳遞功能的物質。因為神經細胞間存有小小的間隙﹐因此﹐當一個人感受到高興(或生氣)的情緒時﹐腦中即會分泌出β內腓太(或副腎上腺素)﹐並將此感覺往體內傳遞﹐啟動各種生理機制。
舉例來說﹐當一個人時常籠罩在生氣﹑緊張﹑鬱悶﹑厭惡等情緒中時﹐則腦中會分泌出副腎上腺素﹐並啟動以下生理機制：
分泌副腎上腺素->刺激血管收縮
->血壓上升
->血流不暢造成氧氣供給不足
->血液成分中的血小板容易毀壞
->形成血餅﹐引起血管阻塞
->引發成人病﹑老化﹑早死
另外﹐假如一個人凡事都往好的方面想﹐則時常處在樂觀﹑精神喜悅的情境下﹐因此﹐腦中會不斷分泌出β內腓太﹐並啟動以下生理機制：
分泌β內腓太->使管收縮正常
->血流順暢﹐使體內細胞活性化
->可防止成人病及老化
->尤其免疫細胞被活絡
->提高免疫力﹑永保健康
因此﹐一個人若能一直抱持正面積極的人生態度﹐則可激勵體內細胞活性化﹐永保健康﹑快樂與長命百歲。
老平曰：經過兄台一番說明﹐真是使小弟茅塞頓開。我想﹐腦內嗎啡真是上蒼賜給祂的子民最大的恩賞。大地之子真不應該暴殄天物。
另外﹐小弟想再進一步請教兄台一個問題。即以兄台行醫多年的心得﹐除了上述保持正面積極人生態度的心法之外﹐是否尚有其它健康﹑長壽之道？
春山答：依為兄多年揉合中西醫學所得﹐已設計出一套能促進大腦分泌腦內嗎啡的「三點治療法」。即飲食方面﹐注意高蛋白﹑低熱量﹔運動方面﹐鍛鍊肌肉﹑燃燒脂肪﹔另外﹐即利用冥想﹐創造一個容易分泌腦內嗎啡的環境。
老平曰：那麼﹐請問兄台一個人應如何藉由正確的飲食生活﹐促進腦部活絡﹐永保年輕？
春山答：腦內嗎啡是一種物質﹐由氨基酸製造而成。因此﹐為使腦部活絡﹑健康﹐一個人每天必須補給足量的良質蛋白質﹐才能提供腦部足夠的氨基酸元素。但因脂肪易造成血管阻塞﹐引起成人病﹐因此﹐低熱量﹑低脂肪的高蛋白質才是理想旳飲食。在為數眾多的食品中﹐如大豆製品﹑含有葉綠素的蔬果皆是理想食物。而每天亦必須補充適量含有必需氨基酸的食品﹐如魚類﹑肉類等。
在東方醫學中有一句「醫食同源」說詞﹐即指「飲食是醫也是食」。亦即說飲食方式若錯誤的話﹐將有損健康﹔若飲食方式正確﹐則可使身體健康﹐治於未病。
老平曰：另外﹐剛剛兄台在治未病的秘訣中﹐提及須適當的運動﹐那麼﹐最適合治未病的運動型態為何？
春山答：事實上﹐血管阻塞是高血壓﹑糖尿病﹑痛風﹑動脈硬化等成人病的主要病因。而前面曾經提及﹐造成血管阻塞的主要原因﹐其一為生氣﹑恐懼等精神壓力﹐會促使腦中分泌副腎上腺素﹐造成血流不順暢引起。其二﹐則是與脂肪具有關聯性。由於膽固醇或中性脂肪易蓄積在血管內﹐造成血管阻塞﹔而脂肪卻只能在肌肉中燃燒。因此﹐為了要燃燒脂肪﹐就必須要鍛鍊肌肉﹐使之結實。另外﹐肌肉亦具協助心臟將血液回流心臟的作用﹐如果肌肉量減少﹐血液循環亦容易變得不順暢﹐由此﹐可見﹐鍛鍊肌肉是相當重要的。
而運動可以區分二種型態﹐其一為增強肌的運動﹐如各種體能訓練﹔其二為燃燒脂肪的運動﹐如慢跑﹑散步。但是劇烈運動﹐雖然可以增強肌肉﹐但同時體內會產生活性氣﹐它會傷害細胞及遺傳基因﹐造成疾病與老化的病因。惟在25歲左右以前的成長期﹐人體會不斷分泌一種SOD酵素﹐以中和活性氧病毒﹐因此﹐鍛鍊肌最好是趁年輕時期﹐而三十歲以後﹐則偏重伸展體操系列的輕鬆運動﹐以維持肌肉的機能。
老平曰：最後﹐小弟想再請教兄台一個問題。即有關兄台剛剛提及的冥想方法﹐它是否指的是禪或瑜珈？
春山答：其實冥想是東方醫學中的精髓。禪或瑜珈皆只是它的型態之一而已。真正東方醫學中所謂的冥想﹐它是不固定型態的。譬如老人含貽弄孫﹐情人相戀﹑對人心存感恩﹑或陶醉在美麗的景物﹑旋律中﹐只要能讓人「心情很愉悅」則都具有冥想的效果。
而冥想的目的﹐則是要使腦波出現α波。因為出現大量α波時﹐腦內會分泌出腦內嗎啡來。如此﹐不僅有益健康﹐甚至可以提昇個人思考力與創造力。
因此﹐不管你面對的現實環境如何﹐不妨回想一下你的夢想﹑計劃﹑或者沈浸在自己美好的回憶中﹐凡事往正面思考﹐一個人會擁有更光明的選擇。
參﹑跋尾
老平曰：今天很感謝春山兄不吝賜教﹐小弟受益匪淺。最後﹐小弟再冒昧請教春山兄對於二次世界大戰這齣歷史悲劇的看法？
春山答：我想﹐人類基本上是渴望和平旳。只可惜為兄這本《腦內革命》殺青太晚。假如當年大和民族能得此手卷﹐則應不致於發動戰爭。而當年老美若能得此手卷﹐在廣島上空空投一籮筐的《腦內革命》精華篇﹐相信亦能平和地結束戰爭。往者已矣﹐為兄只期盼在這本書出刊之後﹐大地子民從此得過著和平﹑安樂的日子。
老平曰：兄台真是高見！今日有幸與兄台秉燭長談﹐真是人生一大快事。弟以茶代酒﹐再敬兄台一杯。
春山曰：嗯！這是什麼茶如此甘美？
老平答：哦！這是台灣集英公司總代理﹐歐洲第一品牌Pick Wick的阿薩姆水果茶。計有草莓﹑柳橙﹑藍莓﹑薄荷﹑紅櫻桃等七種口味。
春山曰：真是道地好茶！只可惜為兄有要事要趕回日本﹐無法與平兄沏茶當酒﹐把談人生！
老平答：中國人有云﹐”德不孤﹐必有鄰”。既然兄台為茗茶同好﹐小弟明日即宅急便七箱水果茶到府上﹐明晚兄弟間舉杯邀明月﹐天涯若比鄰！
春山曰：平兄是用DHL快遞或大和運輸？
老平答：No！是”環緯物流” ！
春山曰：Well！”環緯物流”是什麼東西呢？
老平答：耶！它是登輝伯與司馬遼太郎閒聊之後﹐在配合亞太營運中心創意下﹐孕育出來的台灣物流新希望。
春山曰：SO GA！為兄今日得開此眼界﹐真不虛此行！
老平曰：今宵苦短﹐而情長縈牽﹐但願後會相予期。
謹以一壺濁酒盡餘歡﹐願今宵別夢寒！
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