腸躁症的防治

腸躁症的防治

楊惟婷整理

 

腸躁症是最常見的腸胃症狀之一,但也是最常被誤解的疾病之一。

據統計,歐美國家因為腸躁症不舒服請假的天數,多到跟感冒一樣。

 

大部分人會以為「腸躁症」就是「腸子」的問題,甚至會因為擔心肚子長瘤,到醫院做了許多沒必要的檢查,浪費時間,結果症狀也沒改善。

 

其實,腸躁症是個複雜、但不會要人命的症候群,很難「藥到病除」,需要長期調養。以下整理一些腸躁症的防治方法:

 

一、腸躁症的特色

 

腸躁症的特色如下﹕

  • 工業國家成年人隨時有20%會受腸躁症所苦
  • 到腸胃科看診的腸躁病人,有15%有憂鬱症狀、甚至自殺意念
  • 憂鬱常惡化便秘,焦慮會加快腹瀉
  • 腸躁症體質的人,日常生活的壓力就有可能誘發腸躁症
  • 腸躁症常因為半年前頻繁的壓力事件而爆發
  • 男女性罹患腸躁症的機率均等,但女性看診次數比男性多一倍
  • 腸躁症病人有50%在35歲之前發病,90%在50歲前發病
  • 40%的腸躁症病人會因此減少社交活動
  • 在嚴重的腸胃炎之後一段時間,病人出現腸躁症的機率會增加,這是因為腸胃炎讓病人腸道神經系統功能變差了。不過這類的腸躁症「預後」最好,能夠完全治癒的比率最高。

 

腸躁症常見附屬症狀﹕

  • 腹部腫脹與腸子脹氣
  • 不規則、可能每天都不一樣的腸子蠕動
  • 消化不良
  • 頭痛、背痛、肌肉痛、疲倦、頻尿
  • 女性常見性交後疼痛

 

二、「神經失調」是腸躁症重要原因之一

 

人的腸道肌肉夾層裡的感覺受器對食物通過膨脹、與腸道肌肉攣縮的感覺往往是很靈敏。尤其腸躁症的人,對這些正常的感覺更是過度敏感,會引發疼痛、脹氣的感覺。而這過度敏感往往是因為神經失調。

 

腸躁症跟三個神經系統有關:交感神經、副交感神經或腸道神經系統的失衡,造成排便習慣改便,或對腸道脹氣、膨脹的感覺異常敏感。

 

三、每個人的腸躁症狀都不太一樣

 

腸躁症的英文是irritable bowel syndrome,syndrome就是「症候群」,意思是許多常見症狀的組合,但沒有確定的病因、以及確定診斷的病名。腸躁症無法以任何醫學檢查來確認,醫師只能從病人描述的症狀來判斷。

 

原本腸躁症有一套很複雜的診斷準則,但後來臨床醫師的標準越來越寬鬆,因為每個人的表現症狀都不太一樣,但從結果來看都是腸躁症。現在只要有「慢性、反覆的腹痛與不適,加上排便習慣改變」,然後又找不到其他腸道器官的損傷,臨床上就會當做是「腸躁症」。

 

四、腸躁症可能會長期存在

 

腸躁症通常跟個人體質與長期壓力有關,一旦出現腸躁症,這些症狀可能會長期出現,就算用藥物硬壓症狀,也可能會從另一個地方跑出來。病人應學習改善體質、減輕症狀的方法,但也得習慣跟腸躁症和平相處。想辦法讓症狀緩和下來、學習漸漸別太在意症狀,腸躁症的負面影響就會越來越小。

 

五、不用過度擔心腸躁症

 

腸躁症的症狀不會劇烈起伏,有腸躁症的人,平均壽命也不會縮短。

亦即腸躁症不會自己突然惡化成嚴重的癌症或腫瘤,變成致命疾病或重大傷害的機率也幾乎等於零。

 

治療腸躁症很重要的是:不要只是聽症狀然後直接給藥。跟病人解釋腸躁症的原理,讓病人了解腸躁症會長期存在,但不會有重大併發症,平常心面對,反而對病情會有幫助。

 

六、腸躁症跟壓力沒有絕對關係

 

雖然腸躁症跟神經失調高度相關,但最原始的病因可能是「體質」,不一定跟什麼很大的「壓力」有關。

 

不過,腸躁症不舒服起來,可是會增加焦慮、煩躁、失眠的症狀,甚至讓一些病人不敢出門、導致心情變差,所以反過來說,腸躁症本身就是一個「壓力」。

 

統計上,一些社會壓力如失業、親人過世、夫妻爭吵、財務困難、人際障礙,還是有可能誘發腸躁症變嚴重。

 

七、腸躁症沒有特效藥

 

有時,腸躁症病人可以藉由消脹氣、止痛、止瀉或軟便的藥物做「症狀治療」,但由於腸躁的主因是「神經失調」、不同人症狀的個別差異很大,所以目前並沒有腸躁症的特效藥,藥物治療的成效往往有限。病人常需要嘗試各種不同的藥物與非藥物的治療方式,或尋求不同醫師的協助。

 

但有研究指出,可多選擇高營養密度的蔬果,其中含有豐富膳食纖維的奇異果,更能有效幫助改善便秘型腸躁症狀。

 

奇異果內含的寡醣、膳食纖維以及特有的奇異酵素,這些都有助於減緩便秘,寡醣為一種「益生質」,有利於腸胃中好菌生長及促進蠕動,而膳食纖維具有高度保水性,能軟化糞便,幫助排便。另外,奇異果所含的奇異酵素(Actinidin)能促進蛋白質分解,幫助胃部排空,並加速消化道蠕動,刺激大腸黏膜,增加排便,

避免壞菌生長,減輕腸胃道的負擔。

 

除了奇異果外,鳳梨、木瓜、無花果都含有酵素,建議有便秘困擾的民眾都可以多多食用。

 

八、改善神經失調,可望減輕腸躁症狀

 

腸躁症主要來自腸道神經系統的過度敏感,而自律神經系統(交感與副交感)又會影響腸道神經系統。所以,只要是可以改善自律神經失調的藥物,或有氧運動、瑜伽、腹式呼吸、氣功、靜坐、催眠等,都有可能改善腸躁症狀。充足的睡眠也很重要。

 

九、腸躁症的飲食禁忌

 

腸躁症病人可能會對某些食物「過敏」,激起強烈胃腸不適,這有時必須靠病人自己察覺。大體來說,高含量的油脂、咖啡因、高纖維的食品,較容易惡化腸躁症。

傳統觀念認為,腸胃不好就是要吃稀飯、牛奶、地瓜、豆漿等對腸胃好的食物,減少消化負擔,但這種想法在醫生眼裡根本適得其反,更容易脹氣拉肚子!

 

胃腸肝膽科醫師張振榕表示,大腸激躁症患者最需注意的是避免脹氣,地瓜、豆漿、大蒜、洋蔥等高產氣食物,絕對不行吃。

 

十、精神科醫師的畫龍點睛

 

改善腸道神經失調的藥物,就是精神科醫師最擅長、最常開的藥物。而腸躁症拖久後,容易併發失眠、焦慮症狀,這也可以讓精神科醫師一併處理。花時間為病人解釋腸躁症,讓病人不會因為腸躁症過度擔憂、慮病,這是精神科醫師的專長。

 

其實不只腸躁症,像胃食道逆流、胃潰瘍等容易受壓力影響的腸胃疾病,同時看精神科往往會好更快。

 

如果腸躁症已經影響到生活品質,除了看胃腸科外,請記得也要到家裡附近的精神科診所聽聽醫師的建議。

 

 

本文主要資料來源:Understanding Irritable Bowel Syndrome。

作者:Dr Kieran J. Moriaty

發佈回覆給「匿名訪客」的留言

發佈留言必須填寫的電子郵件地址不會公開。

留言列表(41条)

  • Dinogame.app
    Dinogame.app 2024 年 6 月 15 日 下午 2:29

    That is really attention-grabbing, You are an overly professional blogger. I’ve joined your rss feed and stay up for searching for more of your fantastic post. Also, I’ve shared your site in my social networks!

  • cake carts disposable
    cake carts disposable 2024 年 6 月 14 日 上午 9:48

    An outstanding share! I have just forwarded this onto a coworker who was conducting a little research on this. And he actually bought me breakfast because I found it for him… lol. So let me reword this…. Thanks for the meal!! But yeah, thanks for spending time to talk about this matter here on your internet site.

  • click here
    click here 2024 年 6 月 13 日 下午 7:09

    Hello! I simply would like to offer you a big thumbs up for your great information you have here on this post. I’ll be coming back to your web site for more soon.

  • хот фиеста casino
    хот фиеста casino 2024 年 6 月 13 日 上午 10:08

    Saved as a favorite, I like your site!

  • www.Showpm.com Serial Website That You Need To Know
    www.Showpm.com Serial Website That You Need To Know 2024 年 6 月 13 日 上午 9:48

    What i don’t realize is actually how you’re not really much more well-liked than you might be now. You are very intelligent. You realize therefore significantly relating to this subject, produced me personally consider it from a lot of varied angles. Its like women and men aren’t fascinated unless it?s one thing to accomplish with Lady gaga! Your own stuffs outstanding. Always maintain it up!

  • bokep jepang
    bokep jepang 2024 年 6 月 12 日 下午 1:06

    Hiya, I am really glad I have found this information. Nowadays bloggers publish just about gossips and web and this is really irritating. A good website with exciting content, that is what I need. Thanks for keeping this web site, I’ll be visiting it. Do you do newsletters? Cant find it.

  • planetickets
    planetickets 2024 年 6 月 12 日 上午 9:26

    Aw, this was an exceptionally good post. Finding the time and actual effort to make a very good article… but what can I say… I hesitate a whole lot and don’t manage to get nearly anything done.

  • spotify
    spotify 2024 年 6 月 12 日 上午 7:11

    Hi, I do think this is an excellent web site. I stumbledupon it 😉 I will revisit once again since I saved as a favorite it. Money and freedom is the best way to change, may you be rich and continue to help others.

  • 8 Best Squirrel-Proof Bird Feeders
    8 Best Squirrel-Proof Bird Feeders 2024 年 6 月 11 日 下午 11:10

    Thanks for giving your ideas. One thing is that individuals have a choice between federal student loan plus a private student loan where it’s easier to select student loan consolidating debts than with the federal student loan.

  • http://www.russa24-diploms-srednee.com
    http://www.russa24-diploms-srednee.com 2024 年 6 月 11 日 上午 8:47

    Hey there! Someone in my Myspace group shared this site with us so I came to give it a look. I’m definitely enjoying the information. I’m book-marking and will be tweeting this to my followers! Superb blog and excellent style and design.

  • Rice Purity Test
    Rice Purity Test 2024 年 6 月 9 日 上午 10:34

    I need to to thank you for this excellent read!! I absolutely enjoyed every bit of it. I have you book-marked to check out new things you post…

  • pashmina sweater
    pashmina sweater 2024 年 6 月 9 日 上午 6:58

    Having read this I believed it was very enlightening. I appreciate you taking the time and energy to put this informative article together. I once again find myself personally spending a lot of time both reading and posting comments. But so what, it was still worthwhile.

  • colleges for surgical technologist
    colleges for surgical technologist 2024 年 6 月 9 日 上午 1:32

    This website was… how do you say it? Relevant!! Finally I have found something that helped me. Appreciate it!

  • 7 Cordless Stick Vacuums
    7 Cordless Stick Vacuums 2024 年 6 月 9 日 上午 1:07

    This is really interesting, You’re a very skilled blogger. I’ve joined your rss feed and look forward to seeking more of your magnificent post. Also, I’ve shared your website in my social networks!

  • 호치민 가라오케
    호치민 가라오케 2024 年 6 月 8 日 下午 12:38

    호치민 가라오케

  • Mat Crafts
    Mat Crafts 2024 年 6 月 7 日 下午 1:35

    Howdy! This article couldn’t be written any better! Looking through this article reminds me of my previous roommate! He continually kept talking about this. I am going to forward this information to him. Pretty sure he will have a very good read. Thank you for sharing!

  • Slot Online
    Slot Online 2024 年 6 月 7 日 上午 9:49

    Hi, I do believe this is a great site. I stumbledupon it 😉 I may revisit yet again since I book-marked it. Money and freedom is the best way to change, may you be rich and continue to guide others.

  • Oregon Trail Game
    Oregon Trail Game 2024 年 6 月 7 日 上午 6:32

    Way cool! Some extremely valid points! I appreciate you writing this post and also the rest of the website is really good.

  • kooky
    kooky 2024 年 6 月 7 日 上午 4:27

    It’s nearly impossible to find knowledgeable people about this subject, however, you seem like you know what you’re talking about! Thanks

  • 호치민 가라오케
    호치민 가라오케 2024 年 6 月 4 日 下午 12:26

    호치민 가라오케

  • 호치민 가라오케
    호치민 가라오케 2024 年 6 月 4 日 下午 12:08

    호치민 가라오케

  • Oregon Trail Game
    Oregon Trail Game 2024 年 6 月 4 日 上午 8:07

    Spot on with this write-up, I absolutely believe this amazing site needs far more attention. I’ll probably be back again to see more, thanks for the information.

  • Filtration de l'eau
    Filtration de l'eau 2024 年 6 月 4 日 上午 7:27

    After exploring a handful of the articles on your website, I truly like your technique of blogging. I book marked it to my bookmark website list and will be checking back soon. Please visit my website too and tell me how you feel.

  • kosmos
    kosmos 2024 年 6 月 4 日 上午 5:50

    Can I simply just say what a relief to discover a person that really knows what they’re discussing on the net. You actually know how to bring a problem to light and make it important. More and more people should check this out and understand this side of your story. I was surprised you aren’t more popular since you most certainly possess the gift.

  • 乱伦色情
    乱伦色情 2024 年 6 月 4 日 上午 3:53

    Thanks for a marvelous posting! I definitely enjoyed reading it, you may be a great author.I will make sure to bookmark your blog and definitely will come back from now on. I want to encourage one to continue your great job, have a nice holiday weekend!

  • y2K Clothes
    y2K Clothes 2024 年 6 月 4 日 上午 3:11

    I’m amazed, I have to admit. Seldom do I come across a blog that’s both equally educative and interesting, and let me tell you, you have hit the nail on the head. The problem is an issue that too few folks are speaking intelligently about. I am very happy I found this during my hunt for something concerning this.

  • riyadh to jeddah
    riyadh to jeddah 2024 年 6 月 3 日 下午 6:40

    I would like to thank you for the efforts you’ve put in writing this site. I’m hoping to check out the same high-grade blog posts by you later on as well. In fact, your creative writing abilities has inspired me to get my very own blog now 😉

  • mag truck
    mag truck 2024 年 6 月 3 日 下午 2:15

    Hi there! This article could not be written any better! Reading through this article reminds me of my previous roommate! He continually kept preaching about this. I am going to send this article to him. Fairly certain he’s going to have a great read. Thanks for sharing!

  • Iptv providers
    Iptv providers 2024 年 6 月 3 日 上午 5:27

    I could not refrain from commenting. Exceptionally well written!

  • Pf black card
    Pf black card 2024 年 6 月 2 日 下午 7:18

    Once I originally commented I clicked the -Notify me when new comments are added- checkbox and now every time a remark is added I get four emails with the same comment. Is there any approach you may take away me from that service? Thanks!

  • PCIAA
    PCIAA 2024 年 6 月 2 日 上午 9:18

    I really like looking through a post that can make people think. Also, thanks for allowing me to comment.

  • bankstreetgrillal.com
    bankstreetgrillal.com 2024 年 5 月 31 日 下午 9:00

    Hello! I just wish to give you a big thumbs up for your excellent information you’ve got right here on this post. I’ll be returning to your blog for more soon.

  • Sugar Mommy Contacts
    Sugar Mommy Contacts 2024 年 5 月 31 日 上午 9:47

    Spot on with this write-up, I really feel this amazing site needs a great deal more attention. I’ll probably be back again to see more, thanks for the advice!

  • magic mushrooms
    magic mushrooms 2024 年 5 月 31 日 上午 7:20

    Oh my goodness! Awesome article dude! Thank you so much, However I am having problems with your RSS. I don’t know the reason why I can’t join it. Is there anybody else having similar RSS issues? Anyone that knows the solution will you kindly respond? Thanks.

  • удостоверение тракториста машиниста купить в москве

    My brother suggested I might like this blog. He was totally right. This post actually made my day. You cann’t imagine just how much time I had spent for this information! Thanks!

  • Leatha Rappe
    Leatha Rappe 2024 年 5 月 30 日 下午 11:29

    This is a great tip especially to those new to the blogosphere. Simple but very precise information… Thank you for sharing this one. A must read article.

  • Posture correction
    Posture correction 2024 年 5 月 30 日 下午 5:05

    Having read this I believed it was very enlightening. I appreciate you finding the time and energy to put this short article together. I once again find myself personally spending a significant amount of time both reading and posting comments. But so what, it was still worthwhile.

  • seuranhakupalvelut
    seuranhakupalvelut 2024 年 5 月 30 日 下午 3:01

    Having read this I thought it was really informative. I appreciate you taking the time and energy to put this content together. I once again find myself personally spending a significant amount of time both reading and leaving comments. But so what, it was still worth it.

  • moving cost estimate
    moving cost estimate 2024 年 5 月 30 日 上午 10:31

    In line with my study, after a property foreclosure home is bought at a bidding, it is common for that borrower to still have a remaining balance on the financial loan. There are many lenders who aim to have all fees and liens cleared by the next buyer. However, depending on specified programs, regulations, and state regulations there may be a number of loans which are not easily sorted out through the transfer of financial products. Therefore, the obligation still remains on the lender that has obtained his or her property in foreclosure. Thank you for sharing your opinions on this blog.

  • dogdildo
    dogdildo 2024 年 5 月 30 日 上午 6:35

    May I simply say what a comfort to find someone that genuinely understands what they are talking about on the internet. You definitely understand how to bring an issue to light and make it important. More and more people really need to check this out and understand this side of the story. I can’t believe you aren’t more popular given that you most certainly possess the gift.

  • Zurich Airport to Interlaken transfer
    Zurich Airport to Interlaken transfer 2024 年 5 月 28 日 下午 9:58

    Nice post. I learn something totally new and challenging on websites I stumbleupon everyday. It’s always useful to read through content from other authors and use a little something from other sites.

This site is protected by wp-copyrightpro.com