常見的過敏原
楊惟婷整理
過敏簡單的說,是人體在與外界某些物質接觸後,引發體內免疫系統高度活化而造成的發炎症狀。而這些會引起過敏的物質,我們則稱之為過敏原。
依照反應機轉及其參與細胞、激素的不同,過敏反應粗分為四類。其中第一型稱之為立即型過敏反應:當過敏原進入體內後,會引發一種叫做IgE抗體的生成,大量的IgE抗體與肥大細胞結合後,會進一步導致肥大細胞中發炎物質、細胞激素的釋出,進而在短時間內造成血管通透性的改變,黏膜腫脹、分泌物增加、平滑肌收縮及發炎細胞大量聚集等發炎現象。我們所熟悉且常見的過敏疾病如氣喘、過敏性鼻炎、蕁麻疹皆屬此種過敏反應。
而容易產生這種過敏現象的人,通常即具有「異位性體質」。 經過國內外的研究,目前已知異位性體質是會遺傳的,而過敏疾病的發生基本上是體質(遺傳)加上環境因素(過敏原)所共同造成。
一般引起氣喘與過敏性鼻炎的環境過敏原包括:家塵及塵蟎最多 (90.%),其次為黴菌、舊棉絮、稻草、蟑螂及花粉。其餘如香煙、食物 (巧克力、海鮮等 ) 及情緒緊張等,也可能引發過敏反應。
那麼,在台灣最常見的過敏原是哪些?
1.家塵塵蟎﹝dust mite﹞
塵蟎是台灣最常見的過敏原,有90%以上的氣喘病童對塵蟎過敏,塵蟎約0.2~0.5公釐大小,以人或動物的皮屑、指甲及毛髮為主食,喜好生長於床褥、枕頭、地毯、衣服、有毛的玩具或厚重的窗簾,在攝氏25度,相對濕度80%的環境生長的最好,繁殖也最快,因此很適合在台灣生長,在夏末初秋時繁殖的最快,也
是氣喘病人最容易發作的季節可知其重要性。
2.蟑螂
蟑螂在溫暖的氣候中也容易繁殖,在台灣過敏病兒童中約有40%~50%亦對蟑螂過敏,蟑螂的糞便及屍體皆有可能是過敏原,日常生活中,如何減少蟑螂的存在也是重要的課題之一。
3.狗、貓、鳥類等寵物
這些寵物不但本身皮垢或分泌物是強烈的過敏原,而且更是塵蟎繁殖的重要食物來源,室內不可飼養寵物是唯一的方法,若不得已,勤加洗滌或可減少一些。
4.黴菌
與塵蟎相似,黴菌易生長於潮濕高溫的環境,因此保持乾燥環境,除濕機、冷氣機的濾網常加清洗也可減少黴菌的生長,另外被單枕頭使用尼龍製品也可減少其存在。
5.花粉
國外常見因花粉過敏引起導致過敏性鼻炎或結膜炎﹝花粉熱﹞,在台灣則較為少見,在台灣真正因花粉產生的過敏病可說少之又少,不到20%。
這些環境過敏原就像手槍板機一樣,一旦免疫系統盯上它,只要再次遇到,便會馬上引發強烈的過敏反應,不除去之不會停止。
另外,異位性皮膚炎的食物過敏原包括:帶殼的海鮮(蝦、蟹)、蛋白、巧克力、牛奶、羊奶、橘子、草莓、蕃茄等柑桔類水果,核果類(如花生、乾果)等 。
留言列表(160条)
Thanks designed for sharing such a good opinion, article is good, thats why i have read it fully
Good post. I’m facing some of these issues as well..
After checking out a few of the blog articles on your site, I really like your way of blogging. I book marked it to my bookmark website list and will be checking back soon. Please check out my web site as well and let me know how you feel.
Greetings! Very helpful advice within this article! It is the little changes that produce the largest changes. Thanks a lot for sharing!
Почувствуйте вкус победы с Лаки Джет онлайн игрой на деньги! Регистрируйтесь на 1win и начните свое приключение прямо сейчас.
very good jon admin. very useful thx
very good jon admin. very useful thx
very good jon mate. very useful cute
very good jon admin. it helped me a lot thx
very good jon admin. it helped me a lot cute
This is the right site for anybody who wants to find out about this topic. You realize so much its almost hard to argue with you (not that I personally would want toHaHa). You definitely put a brand new spin on a topic that has been written about for a long time. Great stuff, just great!
Hello there, I found your website via Google while looking for a related topic, your web site came up, it looks great. I’ve bookmarked it in my google bookmarks.
very good jon mate. very useful to me mersii
very good jon mate. it helped me a lot tahnxss
very good jon mate. very useful mersii
very good jon admin. very useful to me cute
very good jon bro. very useful to me cute
Remarkable! Its in fact remarkable piece of writing, I have got much clear idea concerning from this piece of writing.
Hi! I just want to give you a huge thumbs up for the great info you’ve got here on this post. I’ll be coming back to your blog for more soon.
Hi there friends, its great post about teachingand completely explained, keep it up all the time.
It’s actually very complex in this busy life to listen news on TV, so I simply use internet for that purpose, and get the most up-to-date news.
It is perfect time to make some plans for the future and it is time to be happy. I have read this post and if I could I wish to suggest you few interesting things or suggestions. Perhaps you could write next articles referring to this article. I want to read more things about it!
Now I am going to do my breakfast, later than having my breakfast coming again to read further news.
Great post.
Heya i’m for the first time here. I came across this board and I find It truly useful & it helped me out a lot. I hope to give something back and help others like you helped me.
Appreciate the recommendation. Will try it out.
Hey there outstanding blog! Does running a blog similar to this take a massive amount work? I have no expertise in programming but I was hoping to start my own blog soon. Anyways, if you have any recommendations or tips for new blog owners please share. I know this is off topic but I just had to ask. Thanks!
Heya i’m for the primary time here. I came across this board and I in finding It truly useful & it helped me out a lot. I hope to provide something back and help others like you helped me.
Someone necessarily help to make significantly articles I might state. This is the first time I frequented your web page and thus far? I amazed with the research you made to create this actual publish amazing. Fantastic activity!
Hello, just wanted to say, I liked this post. It was practical. Keep on posting!
Asking questions are really nice thing if you are not understanding anything completely, except this article offers pleasant understanding even.
Thanks for one’s marvelous posting! I seriously enjoyed reading it, you can be a great author.I will make certain to bookmark your blog and will come back in the foreseeable future. I want to encourage that you continue your great writing, have a nice morning!
Нужна механизированная штукатурка стен в Москве, но вы не знаете, как выбрать подрядчика? Обратитесь к нам на сайт mehanizirovannaya-shtukaturka-moscow.ru! Мы предлагаем услуги по машинной штукатурке стен любой площади и сложности, а также гарантируем доступные цены и высокое качество работ.
I don’t know if it’s just me or if everyone else experiencing problems with your blog. It looks like some of the text on your posts are running off the screen. Can someone else please comment and let me know if this is happening to them too? This could be a problem with my web browser because I’ve had this happen before. Thanks
Heya excellent blog! Does running a blog like this take a lot of work? I have virtually no expertise in computer programming but I was hoping to start my own blog soon. Anyways, if you have any suggestions or tips for new blog owners please share. I know this is off topic nevertheless I just had to ask. Appreciate it!
I like the valuable information you provide in your articles. I will bookmark your weblog and check again here frequently. I am quite certain I will learn a lot of new stuff right here! Good luck for the next!
wonderful issues altogether, you just gained a logo new reader. What may you suggest in regards to your post that you simply made a few days ago? Any sure?
It’s going to be end of mine day, except before finish I am reading this wonderful post to increase my experience.
Currently it sounds like Expression Engine is the top blogging platform out there right now. (from what I’ve read) Is that what you’re using on your blog?
It’s actually very complex in this full of activity life to listen news on TV, so I simply use web for that purpose, and take the latest news.
Сделайте свой ремонт проще: выберите машинную штукатурку на mehanizirovannaya-shtukaturka-moscow.ru. Просто, быстро, качественно.
I want to to thank you for this excellent read!! I definitely enjoyed every little bit of it. I’ve got you bookmarked to check out new stuff you post
снабжение строительства
Хотите получить идеально ровный пол в своей квартире или офисе? Обратитесь к профессионалам на сайте styazhka-pola24.ru! Мы предоставляем услуги по устройству стяжки пола в Москве и области, а также гарантируем доступные цены и высокое качество работ.
It’s a shame you don’t have a donate button! I’d without a doubt donate to this excellent blog! I suppose for now i’ll settle for book-marking and adding your RSS feed to my Google account. I look forward to fresh updates and will talk about this site with my Facebook group. Chat soon!
hi!,I really like your writing so so much! percentage we communicate more approximately your post on AOL? I need an expert in this area to solve my problem. May be that is you! Looking forward to see you.
Thanks for your personal marvelous posting! I genuinely enjoyed reading it, you’re a great author.I will ensure that I bookmark your blog and definitely will come back someday. I want to encourage you to continue your great writing, have a nice day!
Please let me know if you’re looking for a author for your weblog. You have some really great posts and I think I would be a good asset. If you ever want to take some of the load off, I’d absolutely love to write some articles for your blog in exchange for a link back to mine. Please blast me an e-mail if interested. Many thanks!
There is definately a lot to know about this subject. I like all the points you’ve made.
Do you mind if I quote a couple of your posts as long as I provide credit and sources back to your webpage? My blog site is in the very same area of interest as yours and my visitors would certainly benefit from a lot of the information you present here. Please let me know if this okay with you. Regards!