領導人的格局養成
楊惟雯
看三國,不要只看到志玲姊姊,
想像一下蘇東坡《念奴嬌.赤壁懷古》詞中﹕
「遙想公瑾當年,小喬初嫁了,雄姿英發。
羽扇綸巾,談笑間、強虜灰飛煙滅 。…….」
一、領導人的高度與寬度
莊子在其《逍遙遊》曾說過這樣一則寓言故事:
很久以前在北方的海中,有一隻很大的魚,牠的名字叫「鯤」。
這種魚的身體有好幾千里長,經過幾千年的演化後,這種叫鯤的魚,就蛻變成大鵬鳥,這種鳥的身體也很大,牠的背就有幾千里長。
因為翅膀太大,不能一下子就起飛,必須順著海面飛行;然後鼓動牠的翅膀,迎著大風,直飛天空,離地九萬里。
大鵬鳥飛到南海,一住就半年。
有一種小鳥兒叫「學鴆」,當牠看見大鵬鳥在天空高飛時,就笑大鵬鳥:「我們這些小鳥兒,要起飛就起飛,要降落就降落,不必像你們這種大鵬要等待起風時,才能順風向而飛行。
再說,我們這種小鳥兒,高興時,就飛到樹上,有時也可以飛到地面,何必要像你們飛到九萬里的高空上?」
莊子講了上面這則寓言故事,是要告訴我們,大鵬象徵「大知」——淵博的知識,小鳥兒象徵「小知」——淺陋的知識。
我們時常會以自己的「小知」,去判斷「大知」,這樣的判斷,常常會造成一種「偏見」。這就像一種早上才出生,但到了夜晚即死亡的小蟲,牠就不知道一年四季的不同變化。
二、領導能力不是天生就擁有的
企業經營者領導品質之良窳,除植基於豐富之學養、高尚之人格與品德的修養、工作歷練等因素外,更應勤於進修,充實自我,自律自省,方能具備宏觀的視野、嚴謹的邏輯思考、正確的判斷力、明快的決斷力與豐富的創意發想能力等特質,而這些領導特質絕大部分都不是天生就擁有的,依靠的是後天長期不懈的自我修鍊。
荀子云:「人性本惡。」荀子這句話的意涵,並不是指人的惡性無可救藥,而是強調人要靠後天的努力來修正自身的缺點,至臻完善。
先看看以下這則故事——曾國藩與毛賊
曾國藩是中國歷史上最有影響的人物之一,然他小時候的天賦卻不高。有一天在家讀書,對一篇文章重複不知道讀了多少遍,還在朗讀,因為,他還沒背下來……。
這時候,他家來了一個毛賊,潛伏在他的屋簷下,希望等讀書人睡覺之後,想撈點好處。可是等啊等啊,就是等不到他睡覺,還是在讀那篇文章。
毛賊最後等到火冒三丈,跳出來說:“這種水準讀什麼書?”
然後將那文章背誦一遍,揚長而去!
看來,此毛賊的記憶力還真好,聽過幾遍的文章就能背下來,至少比曾國藩要聰明,但是他一生也只能當賊。
因為,他的天賦並沒有加上勤奮,他並沒有去拓展自己的視野、見識與格局,而變得不知所終。
這個故事目的是為了告訴我們,偉大的成功和辛勤的勞動是成正比的,有一分勞動就有一分收穫,日積月累,從少到多,奇跡就可以創造出來。
三、什麼樣的主管,開創什麼樣的企業
明代呂坤在其《呻吟語》書中提及「四看」,即
「大事難事看擔當;
逆境順境看襟懷;
臨喜臨怒看涵養;
群行群止看見識。」
他所强調的是,一個人在面對大事、難事所表現出來的是他的魄力;在面對逆境、順境所表現出來的是他的氣度;在令人或喜或怒或哀或樂的事情面前顯現出來的是他的涵養;在與其他人一起時,他的言行舉止中透露出來的是他的見識。
而這種擔當、襟懷、涵養、見識,我認為正是一個企業領導人,應窮其一生去努力學習的能力。
一個大企業,並不等於一個偉大的企業。
但一個擁有大擔當、大襟懷、大涵養、大見識的企業領導人,却可孕育出一個偉大的企業。所以說,什麼樣的主管,開創什麼樣的企業。
企業經營到一個規模後,能否更上一層樓,端看領導者的眼光、格局、魄力及修鍊……
四、領導人應拓寬自己的格局
再看看下面這則小故事—–
有一個年輕人,
常常會被別人的三言兩語就給激怒,甚至忍不住大發雷霆…..
有一次,他又被氣得不得了,便跑去找一位長者訴苦。
這位長者沒多說,祇倒給了他一杯水,
之後又倒了一杓鹽巴下去,並要他嚐一口,
他一喝,不禁叫了起來:「哎呀!好鹹啊!」
長者沒有多說話,祇是笑笑的…..又帶他來到一座湖畔,
同樣的倒了一杓鹽巴到湖中,再從中撈起一小杯水,
要他再嚐一口,並問他說:「這次會覺鹹嗎?」
那人回答:「不會啊。」
長者接著說:「湖的胸襟大,所以雖被倒入同樣的鹽分,但很快就被稀釋了!年輕人吶!胸襟大一點,那些小事情就不會影響到你的生活。人,要做湖泊,不要做杯子。」年輕人頓時恍然大悟。
一個企業領導人應自我修鍊磊落坦蕩的胸襟;更高更遠的視野;不為小利爭高下、不為小事論短長的氣量;及寵辱不驚、笑看庭前花開花落的氣度。
領導人格局有多大,一個企業成就的功業就有多大。
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