阿里山高山茶
楊惟婷
獨領風騷的阿里山高山茶，融和高山茶特有自然花香與喉韻，沖泡時有如置身滿佈茶園的山林幽境、如詩如畫。茶韻如同某詩人的詩吟：『邀茶味揮毫，舌尖生花；叫茶韻潑墨，杯中春夏；引暗香浮動，疏影橫斜；攬閒情上色，濃淡皆佳』。
【起源 】
獨領風騷的阿里山烏龍茶是台灣高山茶的代表，茶園海拔在800公尺到1400公尺之間，茶區分佈在龍美、隙頂、巃頭、光華、石桌、十字路、達邦、里佳及豐山等山地部落，這些部落所產的茶，對外通稱「阿里山高山茶」。
阿里山高山茶會受到歡迎主要的因素，除了行銷人員的推廣，還要歸功於台灣得天獨厚的自然環境。
【製造方法】
台灣現有的高山茶園多是原本的林地、竹地開墾而來，多年的有機質堆積使得地力雄厚，能夠提供充足的養份，成為植茶的最佳地點。
此外，高山植茶還有下列兩項優勢:
一是因為高山氣候冷涼，早晚雲霧籠罩，平均日照短，導致茶樹芽葉中所含「兒茶素類」等苦澀成分降低，進而提高了「茶胺酸」及「可溶氮」等對甘味有貢獻的成分。
二是由於日夜溫差大及長年午後雲霧遮蔽的緣故，使得茶樹的生長過於緩慢，讓茶葉具有芽葉柔軟，葉肉厚實，果膠質含量高等的優點。
就阿里山茶來說，一般常見的有兩個品種，為青心烏龍和金萱，而烘焙火候則有清香與熟香兩款。
1、青心烏龍，因為阿里山海拔不高，以青心烏龍所製的茶須做輕焙火，才能降低它的刺激性，依阿里山產區習慣採其嫩芽嫩葉，並重揉製，製成如綠豆般大小的茶，俗稱珠露茶。
2、金萱，阿里山區的金萱在台灣高山茶來說，較有其特色。
【產區概況】
全世界最優良的茶園集中在北迴歸線附近約50公里內的山區，阿里山茶區即是位於嘉義縣阿里山山脈的高深山區，茶園分佈於阿里山鄉、梅山鄉、竹崎鄉、中埔鄉、大埔鄉、番路鄉一帶高海拔區域，海拔在 1000-1500 公尺間。
【特色 】
阿里山山間長年雲霧繚繞，氣候冷涼，上午日照充足，午後山嵐雲霧飄渺，此時氣溫會驟然下降（海拔每升高 100 公尺氣溫就會下降 0.6 度）日夜溫差大。因此，使得茶樹生長趨於緩慢，芽葉柔軟，葉肉厚實，苦澀成分低，果膠質含量高，進而提昇了茶葉的甘醇美味，這些都是阿里山高山茶所展現出的特性。
此外，這裡所產的茶葉多以山泉水灌溉，滋味甘潤醇厚，香氣幽雅持久，具有濃厚的高山冷冽口感，其獨特的風味堪稱世界第一。
產地位於阿里山之「珠露茶」，是茶中的精華，終年茶山雲霧環繞，高海拔、多霧的環境最適合生長，採用人工反覆揉捏製成。阿里山這裡的師父揉茶功夫最厲害，常可揉成像碧綠玉珠一樣美麗。
阿里山茶茶湯色澤翠綠鮮活，滋味甘醇、滑軟、厚重帶活性；氣味充滿淡雅花香，入口香醇韻美。
阿里山茶因為採用人工反覆揉捏而製成，人工的炭焙烘製，所以泡水茶韻持久不退、耐沖泡，以滾水沖泡50秒為佳，可沖三至五泡，讓您一再回味阿里山茶香於口中漫舞之韻。
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